| Rfc | 7666 |
|---|
| Title | Management Information Base for Virtual Machines Controlled by a
Hypervisor |
|---|
| Author | H. Asai, M. MacFaden, J. Schoenwaelder, K. Shima, T.
Tsou |
|---|
| Date | October 2015 |
|---|
| Format: | TXT, HTML |
|---|
| Status: | PROPOSED STANDARD |
|---|
|
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) H. Asai
Request for Comments: 7666 Univ. of Tokyo
Category: Standards Track M. MacFaden
ISSN: 2070-1721 VMware Inc.
J. Schoenwaelder
Jacobs University
K. Shima
IIJ Innovation Institute Inc.
T. Tsou
Huawei Technologies (USA)
October 2015
Management Information Base for Virtual Machines
Controlled by a Hypervisor
Abstract
This document defines a portion of the Management Information Base
(MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet
community. In particular, this specifies objects for managing
virtual machines controlled by a hypervisor (a.k.a. virtual machine
monitor).
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7666.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Overview and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Structure of the VM-MIB Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Relationship to Other MIB Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6.1. VM-MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6.2. IANA-STORAGE-MEDIA-TYPE-MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Appendix A. State Transition Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1. Introduction
This document defines a portion of the Management Information Base
(MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet
community. In particular, this specifies objects for managing
virtual machines controlled by a hypervisor (a.k.a. virtual machine
monitor). A hypervisor controls multiple virtual machines on a
single physical machine by allocating resources to each virtual
machine using virtualization technologies. Therefore, this MIB
module contains information on virtual machines and their resources
controlled by a hypervisor as well as information about a
hypervisor's hardware and software.
The design of this MIB module has been derived from product-specific
MIB modules -- namely, a MIB module for managing guests of the Xen
hypervisor [Xen], a MIB module for managing virtual machines
controlled by the VMware hypervisor [VMware], and a MIB module using
the libvirt programming interface [libvirt] to access different
hypervisors. However, this MIB module attempts to generalize the
managed objects to support other implementations of hypervisors.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework
For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of
RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
the Management Information Base or MIB. MIB objects are generally
accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
Structure of Management Information (SMI). This memo specifies a MIB
module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58,
RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580
[RFC2580].
3. Overview and Objectives
This document defines a portion of MIB for the management of virtual
machines controlled by a hypervisor. This MIB module consists of the
managed objects related to system and software information of a
hypervisor, the list of virtual machines controlled by the
hypervisor, and information of virtual resources allocated to virtual
machines by the hypervisor. This document specifies four specific
types of virtual resources that are common to many hypervisor
implementations: processors (CPUs), memory, network interfaces
(NICs), and storage devices. These managed objects are independent
of the families of hypervisors or operating systems running on
virtual machines.
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| +-------------------------------------------------+ |
| | Virtual machine | |
| | | |
| | +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ | ....... |
| | | Virtual | | Virtual | | Virtual | | Virtual | | |
| +-| CPU |-| memory |-| storage |-| NIC |-+ |
| +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ |
| Virtual resources |
| ^ |
| | Allocation using virtualization technologies |
| | |
| +-- Physical resources ._____. |
| +--------+ .--------. / \ +--^--+ |
+- - - - - - - | | - /________/| - *\_______/* - | | - -+
| Hypervisor | CPU | | Memory |/ | Storage | | NIC | |
| +--------+ +--------+ \_______/ +-----+ |
| +-----------------------+ |
| || MIB objects || |
| +-----------------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
Figure 1: An Example of a Virtualization Environment
On the common implementations of hypervisors, a hypervisor allocates
virtual resources from physical resources: virtual CPUs, virtual
memory, virtual storage devices, and virtual network interfaces to
virtual machines as shown in Figure 1. Since the virtual resources
allocated to virtual machines are managed by the hypervisor, the MIB
objects are managed at the hypervisor. In case that the objects are
accessed through the SNMP, an SNMP agent is launched at the
hypervisor to provide access to the objects.
The objects are managed from the viewpoint of the operators of
hypervisors, but not the operators of virtual machines; that is, the
objects do not take into account the actual resource utilization on
each virtual machine but rather the resource allocation from the
physical resources. For example, vmNetworkIfIndex indicates the
virtual interface associated with an interface of a virtual machine
at the hypervisor, and consequently, the 'in' and 'out' directions
denote 'from a virtual machine to the hypervisor' and 'from the
hypervisor to a virtual machine', respectively. Moreover,
vmStorageAllocatedSize denotes the size allocated by the hypervisor,
but not the size actually used by the operating system on the virtual
machine. This means that vmStorageDefinedSize and
vmStorageAllocatedSize do not take different values when the
vmStorageSourceType is 'block' or 'raw'.
The objectives of this document are the following: 1) this document
defines the MIB objects common to many hypervisors for the management
of virtual machines controlled by a hypervisor, and 2) this document
clarifies the relationship with other MIB modules for managing host
computers and network devices.
4. Structure of the VM-MIB Module
The MIB module is organized into a group of scalars and tables. The
scalars below 'vmHypervisor' provide basic information about the
hypervisor. The 'vmTable' lists the virtual machines (guests) that
are known to the hypervisor. The 'vmCpuTable' provides the mapping
table of virtual CPUs to virtual machines, including CPU time used by
each virtual CPU. The 'vmCpuAffinityTable' provides the affinity of
each virtual CPU to a physical CPU. The 'vmStorageTable' provides
the list of virtual storage devices and their mapping to virtual
machines. In case that an entry in the 'vmStorageTable' has a
corresponding parent physical storage device managed in
'vmStorageTable' of HOST-RESOURCES-MIB [RFC2790], the entry contains
a pointer 'vmStorageParent' to the physical storage device. The
'vmNetworkTable' provides the list of virtual network interfaces and
their mapping to virtual machines. Each entry in the
'vmNetworkTable' also provides a pointer 'vmNetworkIfIndex' to the
corresponding entry in the 'ifTable' of IF-MIB [RFC2863]. In case
that an entry in the 'vmNetworkTable' has a corresponding parent
physical network interface managed in the 'ifTable' of IF-MIB, the
entry contains a pointer 'vmNetworkParent' to the physical network
interface.
Notation:
+-------------+
| vmOperState | : Finite state; the first line presents the
| | 'vmOperState', and the second line presents a
+-------------+ notification generated if applicable.
+ - - - - - - +
| vmOperState | : Transient state; first line presents the
| | 'vmOperState', and the second line presents a
+ - - - - - - + notification generated if applicable.
! : Notification; a text followed by the symbol "!"
denotes a notification generated.
=====================================================================
+---------------+ + - - - - - - - -+ +------------+
| suspended(6) |<--| suspending(5) | | paused(8) |
| !vmSuspended | | !vmSuspending | | !vmPaused |
+---------------+ + - - - - - - - -+ +------------+
| ^ ^
| | |
v | |
+ - - - - - - -+ +-------------+<----------+ + - - - - - - - +
| resuming(7) |-->| running(4) |<-------------->| migrating(9) |
| !vmResuming | | !vmRunning | | !vmMigrating |
+ - - - - - - -+ +-------------+ + - - - - - - - +
| ^ ^
| | |
| +-------------------+ |
| | |
v v v
+ - - - - - - - - - + +---------------+
| shuttingdown(10) |--------->| shutdown(11) |
| !vmShuttingdown | | !vmShutdown |
+ - - - - - - - - - + +---------------+
^ |
| v !vmDeleted
+--------------+ + - - - - - - - -+ (Deleted from
| crashed(12) | | preparing(3) | vmTable)
| !vmCrashed | | |
+--------------+ + - - - - - - - -+
Figure 2: State Transition of a Virtual Machine
The 'vmAdminState' and 'vmOperState' textual conventions define an
administrative state and an operational state model for virtual
machines. Events causing transitions between major operational
states will cause the generation of notifications. Per virtual
machine (per-VM) notifications (vmRunning, vmShutdown, vmPaused,
vmSuspended, vmCrashed, vmDeleted) are generated if
vmPerVMNotificationsEnabled is true(1). Bulk notifications
(vmBulkRunning, vmBulkShutdown, vmBulkPaused, vmBulkSuspended,
vmBulkCrashed, vmBulkDeleted) are generated if
vmBulkNotificationsEnabled is true(1). The overview of the
transition of 'vmOperState' by the write access to 'vmAdminState' and
the notifications generated by the operational state changes are
illustrated in Figure 2. The detailed state transition is summarized
in Appendix A. Note that the notifications shown in this figure are
per-VM notifications. In the case of Bulk notifications, the prefix
'vm' is replaced with 'vmBulk'.
The bulk notification mechanism is designed to reduce the number of
notifications that are trapped by an SNMP manager. This is because
the number of virtual machines managed by a bunch of hypervisors in a
data center possibly becomes several thousands or more, and
consequently, many notifications could be trapped if these virtual
machines frequently change their administrative state. The per-VM
notifications carry more detailed information, but the scalability is
a problem. The notification filtering mechanism described in
Section 6 of RFC 3413 [RFC3413] is used by the management
applications to control the notifications.
5. Relationship to Other MIB Modules
The HOST-RESOURCES-MIB [RFC2790] defines the MIB objects for managing
host systems. On systems implementing the HOST-RESOURCES-MIB, the
objects of HOST-RESOURCES-MIB indicate resources of a hypervisor.
Some objects of HOST-RESOURCES-MIB are used to indicate physical
resources through indexes. On systems implementing
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB, the 'vmCpuPhysIndex' points to the processor's
'hrDeviceIndex' in the 'hrProcessorTable'. The 'vmStorageParent'
also points to the storage device's 'hrStorageIndex' in the
'hrStorageTable'.
The IF-MIB [RFC2863] defines the MIB objects for managing network
interfaces. Both physical and virtual network interfaces are
required to be contained in the 'ifTable' of IF-MIB. The virtual
network interfaces in the 'ifTable' of IF-MIB are pointed from the
'vmNetworkTable' defined in this document through a pointer
'vmNetworkIfIndex'. In case that an entry in the 'vmNetworkTable'
has a corresponding parent physical network interface managed in the
'ifTable' of IF-MIB, the entry contains a pointer 'vmNetworkParent'
to the physical network interface.
The objects related to virtual switches are not included in the MIB
module defined in this document though virtual switches MAY be placed
on a hypervisor. This is because the virtual network interfaces are
the lowest abstraction of network resources allocated to a virtual
machine. Instead of including the objects related to virtual
switches, for example, IEEE8021-BRIDGE-MIB [IEEE8021-BRIDGE-MIB] and
IEEE8021-Q-BRIDGE-MIB [IEEE8021-Q-BRIDGE-MIB] could be used.
The other objects related to virtual machines such as management IP
addresses of a virtual machine are not included in this MIB module
because this MIB module defines the objects common to general
hypervisors, but they are specific to some hypervisors. They may be
included in the entLogicalTable of ENTITY-MIB [RFC6933].
The SNMPv2-MIB [RFC3418] provides an object 'sysObjectID' that
identifies the network management subsytem and an object 'sysUpTime'
that reports the uptime of the network management portion of the
system. The HOST-RESOURCES-MIB [RFC2790] provides an object
'hrSystemUptime' that reports the uptime of the host's operating
system. To complement these objects, the new 'vmHvUpTime' object
reports the time since the hypervisor was last re-initialized, and
the new 'vmHvObjectID' provides an identification of the hypervisor
software.
6. Definitions
6.1. VM-MIB
VM-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, NOTIFICATION-TYPE, TimeTicks,
Counter64, Integer32, mib-2
FROM SNMPv2-SMI
OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE, NOTIFICATION-GROUP
FROM SNMPv2-CONF
TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, PhysAddress, TruthValue
FROM SNMPv2-TC
SnmpAdminString
FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB
UUIDorZero
FROM UUID-TC-MIB
InterfaceIndexOrZero
FROM IF-MIB
IANAStorageMediaType
FROM IANA-STORAGE-MEDIA-TYPE-MIB;
vmMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "201510120000Z" -- 12 October 2015
ORGANIZATION "IETF Operations and Management Area Working Group"
CONTACT-INFO
"WG Email: opsawg@ietf.org
Mailing list subscription info:
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/opsawg
Hirochika Asai
The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656
Japan
Phone: +81 3 5841 6748
Email: panda@hongo.wide.ad.jp
Michael MacFaden
VMware Inc.
Email: mrm@vmware.com
Juergen Schoenwaelder
Jacobs University
Campus Ring 1
Bremen 28759
Germany
Email: j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de
Keiichi Shima
IIJ Innovation Institute Inc.
3-13 Kanda-Nishikicho
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0054
Japan
Email: keiichi@iijlab.net
Tina Tsou
Huawei Technologies (USA)
2330 Central Expressway
Santa Clara, CA 95050
United States
Email: tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com"
DESCRIPTION
"This MIB module is for use in managing a hypervisor and
virtual machines controlled by the hypervisor.
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified
as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with
or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
subject to the license terms contained in, the
Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the
IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info)."
REVISION "201510120000Z" -- 12 October 2015
DESCRIPTION
"The initial version of this MIB, published as
RFC 7666."
::= { mib-2 236 }
vmNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vmMIB 0 }
vmObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vmMIB 1 }
vmConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vmMIB 2 }
-- Textual conversion definitions
--
VirtualMachineIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value, greater than zero, identifying a
virtual machine. The value for each virtual machine
MUST remain constant at least from one re-initialization
of the hypervisor to the next re-initialization."
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
VirtualMachineIndexOrZero ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This textual convention is an extension of the
VirtualMachineIndex convention. This extension permits
the additional value of zero. The meaning of the value
zero is object-specific and MUST therefore be defined as
part of the description of any object that uses this
syntax. Examples of the usage of zero might include
situations where a virtual machine is unknown, or when
none or all virtual machines need to be referenced."
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..2147483647)
VirtualMachineAdminState ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The administrative state of a virtual machine:
running(1) The administrative state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine
is currently online or should be brought
online.
suspended(2) The administrative state of the virtual
machine where its memory and CPU execution
state has been saved to persistent store
and will be restored at next running(1).
paused(3) The administrative state indicating the
virtual machine is resident in memory but
is no longer scheduled to execute by the
hypervisor.
shutdown(4) The administrative state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine
is currently offline or should be
shutting down."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
running(1),
suspended(2),
paused(3),
shutdown(4)
}
VirtualMachineOperState ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The operational state of a virtual machine:
unknown(1) The operational state of the virtual
machine is unknown, e.g., because the
implementation failed to obtain the state
from the hypervisor.
other(2) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating that an operational
state is obtained from the hypervisor, but
it is not a state defined in this MIB
module.
preparing(3) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently in the process of preparation,
e.g., allocating and initializing virtual
storage after creating (defining) the
virtual machine.
running(4) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently executed, but it is not in the
process of preparing(3), suspending(5),
resuming(7), migrating(9), and
shuttingdown(10).
suspending(5) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently in the process of suspending
to save its memory and CPU execution
state to persistent store. This is a
transient state from running(4) to
suspended(6).
suspended(6) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently suspended, which means the
memory and CPU execution state of the
virtual machine are saved to persistent
store. During this state, the virtual
machine is not scheduled to execute by
the hypervisor.
resuming(7) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently in the process of resuming
to restore its memory and CPU execution
state from persistent store. This is a
transient state from suspended(6) to
running(4).
paused(8) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
resident in memory but no longer
scheduled to execute by the hypervisor.
migrating(9) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently in the process of migration
from/to another hypervisor.
shuttingdown(10)
The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
currently in the process of shutting
down. This is a transient state from
running(4) to shutdown(11).
shutdown(11) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine is
down, and CPU execution is no longer
scheduled by the hypervisor and its
memory is not resident in the hypervisor.
crashed(12) The operational state of the virtual
machine indicating the virtual machine
has crashed."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
other(2),
preparing(3),
running(4),
suspending(5),
suspended(6),
resuming(7),
paused(8),
migrating(9),
shuttingdown(10),
shutdown(11),
crashed(12)
}
VirtualMachineAutoStart ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The autostart configuration of a virtual machine:
unknown(1) The autostart configuration is unknown,
e.g., because the implementation failed
to obtain the autostart configuration
from the hypervisor.
enabled(2) The autostart configuration of the
virtual machine is enabled. The virtual
machine should be automatically brought
online at the next re-initialization of
the hypervisor.
disabled(3) The autostart configuration of the
virtual machine is disabled. The virtual
machine should not be automatically
brought online at the next
re-initialization of the hypervisor."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
enabled(2),
disabled(3)
}
VirtualMachinePersistent ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This value indicates whether a virtual machine has a
persistent configuration, which means the virtual machine
will still exist after shutting down:
unknown(1) The persistent configuration is unknown,
e.g., because the implementation failed
to obtain the persistent configuration
from the hypervisor. (read-only)
persistent(2) The virtual machine is persistent, i.e.,
the virtual machine will exist after it
shuts down.
transient(3) The virtual machine is transient, i.e.,
the virtual machine will not exist after
it shuts down."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
persistent(2),
transient(3)
}
VirtualMachineCpuIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value for each virtual machine, greater than
zero, identifying a virtual CPU assigned to a virtual
machine. The value for each virtual CPU MUST remain
constant at least from one re-initialization of the
hypervisor to the next re-initialization."
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
VirtualMachineStorageIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value for each virtual machine, greater than
zero, identifying a virtual storage device allocated to
a virtual machine. The value for each virtual storage
device MUST remain constant at least from one
re-initialization of the hypervisor to the next
re-initialization."
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
VirtualMachineStorageSourceType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The source type of a virtual storage device:
unknown(1) The source type is unknown, e.g., because
the implementation failed to obtain the
media type from the hypervisor.
other(2) The source type is other than those
defined in this conversion.
block(3) The source type is a block device.
raw(4) The source type is a raw-formatted file.
sparse(5) The source type is a sparse file.
network(6) The source type is a network device."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
other(2),
block(3),
raw(4),
sparse(5),
network(6)
}
VirtualMachineStorageAccess ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The access permission of a virtual storage:
unknown(1) The access permission of the virtual
storage is unknown.
readwrite(2) The virtual storage is a read-write
device.
readonly(3) The virtual storage is a read-only
device."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(1),
readwrite(2),
readonly(3)
}
VirtualMachineNetworkIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value for each virtual machine, greater than
zero, identifying a virtual network interface allocated
to the virtual machine. The value for each virtual
network interface MUST remain constant at least from one
re-initialization of the hypervisor to the next
re-initialization."
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
VirtualMachineList ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "1x"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Each octet within this value specifies a set of eight
virtual machine vmIndex values, with the first octet
specifying virtual machine 1 through 8, the second octet
specifying virtual machine 9 through 16, etc. Within
each octet, the most significant bit represents the
lowest-numbered vmIndex, and the least significant bit
represents the highest-numbered vmIndex. Thus, each
virtual machine of the host is represented by a single
bit within the value of this object. If that bit has
a value of '1', then that virtual machine is included
in the set of virtual machines; the virtual machine is
not included if its bit has a value of '0'."
SYNTAX OCTET STRING
-- The hypervisor group
--
-- A collection of objects common to all hypervisors.
--
vmHypervisor OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vmObjects 1 }
vmHvSoftware OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A textual description of the hypervisor software. This
value SHOULD NOT include its version as it SHOULD be
included in 'vmHvVersion'."
::= { vmHypervisor 1 }
vmHvVersion OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A textual description of the version of the hypervisor
software."
::= { vmHypervisor 2 }
vmHvObjectID OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OBJECT IDENTIFIER
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The vendor's authoritative identification of the
hypervisor software contained in the entity. This value
is allocated within the SMI enterprises
subtree (1.3.6.1.4.1). Note that this is different from
sysObjectID in the SNMPv2-MIB (RFC 3418) because
sysObjectID is not the identification of the hypervisor
software but the device, firmware, or management
operating system."
::= { vmHypervisor 3 }
vmHvUpTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeTicks
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The time (in centiseconds) since the hypervisor was
last re-initialized. Note that this is different from
sysUpTime in the SNMPv2-MIB (RFC 3418) and hrSystemUptime
in the HOST-RESOURCES-MIB (RFC 2790) because sysUpTime is
the uptime of the network management portion of the
system, and hrSystemUptime is the uptime of the
management operating system but not the hypervisor
software."
::= { vmHypervisor 4 }
-- The virtual machine information
--
-- A collection of objects common to all virtual machines.
--
vmNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of virtual machines (regardless of their
current state) present on this hypervisor."
::= { vmObjects 2 }
vmTableLastChange OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeTicks
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of vmHvUpTime at the time of the last creation
or deletion of an entry in the vmTable."
::= { vmObjects 3 }
vmTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VmEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A list of virtual machine entries. The number of
entries is given by the value of vmNumber."
::= { vmObjects 4 }
vmEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VmEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An entry containing management information applicable
to a particular virtual machine."
INDEX { vmIndex }
::= { vmTable 1 }
VmEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
vmIndex VirtualMachineIndex,
vmName SnmpAdminString,
vmUUID UUIDorZero,
vmOSType SnmpAdminString,
vmAdminState VirtualMachineAdminState,
vmOperState VirtualMachineOperState,
vmAutoStart VirtualMachineAutoStart,
vmPersistent VirtualMachinePersistent,
vmCurCpuNumber Integer32,
vmMinCpuNumber Integer32,
vmMaxCpuNumber Integer32,
vmMemUnit Integer32,
vmCurMem Integer32,
vmMinMem Integer32,
vmMaxMem Integer32,
vmUpTime TimeTicks,
vmCpuTime Counter64
}
vmIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineIndex
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value, greater than zero, identifying the
virtual machine. The value assigned to a given virtual
machine may not persist across re-initialization of the
hypervisor. A command generator MUST use the vmUUID to
identify a given virtual machine of interest."
::= { vmEntry 1 }
vmName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A textual name of the virtual machine."
::= { vmEntry 2 }
vmUUID OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX UUIDorZero
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The virtual machine's 128-bit Universally Unique
Identifier (UUID) or the zero-length string when a
UUID is not available. If set, the UUID MUST uniquely
identify a virtual machine from all other virtual
machines in an administrative domain. A zero-length
octet string is returned if no UUID information is
known."
::= { vmEntry 3 }
vmOSType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A textual description containing operating system
information installed on the virtual machine. This
value corresponds to the operating system the hypervisor
assumes to be running when the virtual machine is
started. This may differ from the actual operating
system in case the virtual machine boots into a
different operating system."
::= { vmEntry 4 }
vmAdminState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineAdminState
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The administrative state of the virtual machine."
::= { vmEntry 5 }
vmOperState OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineOperState
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The operational state of the virtual machine."
::= { vmEntry 6 }
vmAutoStart OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineAutoStart
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The autostart configuration of the virtual machine. If
this value is enable(2), the virtual machine
automatically starts at the next initialization of the
hypervisor."
::= { vmEntry 7 }
vmPersistent OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachinePersistent
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This value indicates whether the virtual machine has a
persistent configuration, which means the virtual machine
will still exist after its shutdown."
::= { vmEntry 8 }
vmCurCpuNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of virtual CPUs currently assigned to the
virtual machine."
::= { vmEntry 9 }
vmMinCpuNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The minimum number of virtual CPUs that are assigned to
the virtual machine when it is in a power-on state. The
value -1 indicates that there is no hard boundary for
the minimum number of virtual CPUs."
::= { vmEntry 10 }
vmMaxCpuNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The maximum number of virtual CPUs that are assigned to
the virtual machine when it is in a power-on state. The
value -1 indicates that there is no limit."
::= { vmEntry 11 }
vmMemUnit OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The multiplication unit in bytes for vmCurMem, vmMinMem,
and vmMaxMem. For example, when this value is 1024, the
memory size unit for vmCurMem, vmMinMem, and vmMaxMem is
KiB."
::= { vmEntry 12 }
vmCurMem OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The current memory size currently allocated to the
virtual memory module in the unit designated by
vmMemUnit."
::= { vmEntry 13 }
vmMinMem OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The minimum memory size defined to the virtual machine
in the unit designated by vmMemUnit. The value -1
indicates that there is no hard boundary for the minimum
memory size."
::= { vmEntry 14 }
vmMaxMem OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The maximum memory size defined to the virtual machine
in the unit designated by vmMemUnit. The value -1
indicates that there is no limit."
::= { vmEntry 15 }
vmUpTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TimeTicks
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The time (in centiseconds) since the administrative
state of the virtual machine was last changed from
shutdown(4) to running(1)."
::= { vmEntry 16 }
vmCpuTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
UNITS "microsecond"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total CPU time used in microseconds. If the number
of virtual CPUs is larger than 1, vmCpuTime may exceed
real time.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmEntry 17 }
-- The virtual CPU on each virtual machines
vmCpuTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VmCpuEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The table of virtual CPUs provided by the hypervisor."
::= { vmObjects 5 }
vmCpuEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VmCpuEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An entry for one virtual processor assigned to a
virtual machine."
INDEX { vmIndex, vmCpuIndex }
::= { vmCpuTable 1 }
VmCpuEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
vmCpuIndex VirtualMachineCpuIndex,
vmCpuCoreTime Counter64
}
vmCpuIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineCpuIndex
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value identifying a virtual CPU assigned to
the virtual machine."
::= { vmCpuEntry 1 }
vmCpuCoreTime OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
UNITS "microsecond"
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total CPU time used by this virtual CPU in
microseconds.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmCpuEntry 2 }
-- The virtual CPU affinity on each virtual machines
vmCpuAffinityTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VmCpuAffinityEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A list of CPU affinity entries of a virtual CPU."
::= { vmObjects 6 }
vmCpuAffinityEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VmCpuAffinityEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An entry containing CPU affinity associated with a
particular virtual machine."
INDEX { vmIndex, vmCpuIndex, vmCpuPhysIndex }
::= { vmCpuAffinityTable 1 }
VmCpuAffinityEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
vmCpuPhysIndex Integer32,
vmCpuAffinity INTEGER
}
vmCpuPhysIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A value identifying a physical CPU on the hypervisor.
On systems implementing the HOST-RESOURCES-MIB, the
value MUST be the same value that is used as the index
in the hrProcessorTable (hrDeviceIndex)."
::= { vmCpuAffinityEntry 2 }
vmCpuAffinity OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
unknown(0), -- unknown
enable(1), -- enabled
disable(2) -- disabled
}
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The CPU affinity of this virtual CPU to the physical
CPU represented by 'vmCpuPhysIndex'."
::= { vmCpuAffinityEntry 3 }
-- The virtual storage devices on each virtual machine. This
-- document defines some overlapped objects with hrStorage in
-- HOST-RESOURCES-MIB (RFC 2790), because virtual resources are
-- allocated from the hypervisor's resources, which is the 'host
-- resources'.
vmStorageTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VmStorageEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The conceptual table of virtual storage devices
attached to the virtual machine."
::= { vmObjects 7 }
vmStorageEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VmStorageEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An entry for one virtual storage device attached to the
virtual machine."
INDEX { vmStorageVmIndex, vmStorageIndex }
::= { vmStorageTable 1 }
VmStorageEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
vmStorageVmIndex VirtualMachineIndexOrZero,
vmStorageIndex VirtualMachineStorageIndex,
vmStorageParent Integer32,
vmStorageSourceType VirtualMachineStorageSourceType,
vmStorageSourceTypeString
SnmpAdminString,
vmStorageResourceID SnmpAdminString,
vmStorageAccess VirtualMachineStorageAccess,
vmStorageMediaType IANAStorageMediaType,
vmStorageMediaTypeString
SnmpAdminString,
vmStorageSizeUnit Integer32,
vmStorageDefinedSize Integer32,
vmStorageAllocatedSize Integer32,
vmStorageReadIOs Counter64,
vmStorageWriteIOs Counter64,
vmStorageReadOctets Counter64,
vmStorageWriteOctets Counter64,
vmStorageReadLatency Counter64,
vmStorageWriteLatency Counter64
}
vmStorageVmIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineIndexOrZero
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This value identifies the virtual machine (guest) this
storage device has been allocated to. The value zero
indicates that the storage device is currently not
allocated to any virtual machines."
::= { vmStorageEntry 1 }
vmStorageIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineStorageIndex
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value identifying a virtual storage device
allocated to the virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 2 }
vmStorageParent OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of hrStorageIndex, which is the parent (i.e.,
physical) device of this virtual device on systems
implementing the HOST-RESOURCES-MIB. The value zero
denotes this virtual device is not any child
represented in the hrStorageTable."
::= { vmStorageEntry 3 }
vmStorageSourceType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineStorageSourceType
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The source type of the virtual storage device."
::= { vmStorageEntry 4 }
vmStorageSourceTypeString OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A (detailed) textual string of the source type of the
virtual storage device. For example, this represents
the specific format name of the sparse file."
::= { vmStorageEntry 5 }
vmStorageResourceID OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A textual string that represents the resource
identifier of the virtual storage. For example, this
contains the path to the disk image file that
corresponds to the virtual storage."
::= { vmStorageEntry 6 }
vmStorageAccess OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineStorageAccess
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The access permission of the virtual storage device."
::= { vmStorageEntry 7 }
vmStorageMediaType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX IANAStorageMediaType
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The media type of the virtual storage device."
::= { vmStorageEntry 8 }
vmStorageMediaTypeString OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A (detailed) textual string of the virtual storage
media. For example, this represents the specific driver
name of the emulated media such as 'IDE' and 'SCSI'."
::= { vmStorageEntry 9 }
vmStorageSizeUnit OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The multiplication unit in bytes for
vmStorageDefinedSize and vmStorageAllocatedSize. For
example, when this value is 1048576, the storage size
unit for vmStorageDefinedSize and vmStorageAllocatedSize
is MiB."
::= { vmStorageEntry 10 }
vmStorageDefinedSize OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The defined virtual storage size defined in the unit
designated by vmStorageSizeUnit. If this information is
not available, this value MUST be -1."
::= { vmStorageEntry 11 }
vmStorageAllocatedSize OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..2147483647)
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The storage size allocated to the virtual storage from
a physical storage in the unit designated by
vmStorageSizeUnit. When the virtual storage is block
device or raw file, this value and vmStorageDefinedSize
are supposed to equal. This value MUST NOT be different
from vmStorageDefinedSize when vmStorageSourceType is
'block' or 'raw'. If this information is not available,
this value MUST be -1."
::= { vmStorageEntry 12 }
vmStorageReadIOs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of read I/O requests.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 13 }
vmStorageWriteIOs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The number of write I/O requests.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 14 }
vmStorageReadOctets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of bytes read from this device.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 15 }
vmStorageWriteOctets OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of bytes written to this device.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 16 }
vmStorageReadLatency OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of microseconds read requests have
been queued for this device.
This would typically be implemented by storing the high
precision system timestamp of when the request is
received from the virtual machine with the request, the
difference between this initial timestamp and the time
at which the requested operation has completed SHOULD be
converted to microseconds and accumulated.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the hypervisor and administrative
state (vmAdminState) changes of the virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 17 }
vmStorageWriteLatency OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter64
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The total number of microseconds write requests have
been queued for this device.
This would typically be implemented by storing the high
precision system timestamp of when the request is
received from the virtual machine with the request; the
difference between this initial timestamp and the time
at which the requested operation has completed SHOULD be
converted to microseconds and accumulated.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the hypervisor and
administrative state (vmAdminState) changes of the
virtual machine."
::= { vmStorageEntry 18 }
-- The virtual network interfaces on each virtual machine.
vmNetworkTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VmNetworkEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The conceptual table of virtual network interfaces
attached to the virtual machine."
::= { vmObjects 8 }
vmNetworkEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VmNetworkEntry
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An entry for one virtual network interface attached to
the virtual machine."
INDEX { vmIndex, vmNetworkIndex }
::= { vmNetworkTable 1 }
VmNetworkEntry ::=
SEQUENCE {
vmNetworkIndex VirtualMachineNetworkIndex,
vmNetworkIfIndex InterfaceIndexOrZero,
vmNetworkParent InterfaceIndexOrZero,
vmNetworkModel SnmpAdminString,
vmNetworkPhysAddress PhysAddress
}
vmNetworkIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineNetworkIndex
MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A unique value identifying a virtual network interface
allocated to the virtual machine."
::= { vmNetworkEntry 1 }
vmNetworkIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InterfaceIndexOrZero
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of ifIndex, which corresponds to this virtual
network interface. If this device is not represented in
the ifTable, then this value MUST be zero."
::= { vmNetworkEntry 2 }
vmNetworkParent OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InterfaceIndexOrZero
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The value of ifIndex, which corresponds to the parent
(i.e., physical) device of this virtual device. The
value zero denotes this virtual device is not any
child represented in the ifTable."
::= { vmNetworkEntry 3 }
vmNetworkModel OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..255))
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A textual string containing the (emulated) model of the
virtual network interface. For example, this value is
'virtio' when the emulation driver model is virtio."
::= { vmNetworkEntry 4 }
vmNetworkPhysAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX PhysAddress
MAX-ACCESS read-only
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The Media Access Control (MAC) address of the virtual
network interface."
::= { vmNetworkEntry 5 }
-- Notification definitions:
vmPerVMNotificationsEnabled OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicates if the notification generator will send
notifications per virtual machine. Changes to this
object MUST NOT persist across re-initialization of
the management system, e.g., SNMP agent."
::= { vmObjects 9 }
vmBulkNotificationsEnabled OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
MAX-ACCESS read-write
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicates if the notification generator will send
notifications per set of virtual machines. Changes to
this object MUST NOT persist across re-initialization of
the management system, e.g., SNMP agent."
::= { vmObjects 10 }
vmAffectedVMs OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX VirtualMachineList
MAX-ACCESS accessible-for-notify
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A complete list of virtual machines whose state has
changed. This object is the only object sent with bulk
notifications."
::= { vmObjects 11 }
vmRunning NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
running(4) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 1 }
vmShuttingdown NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
shuttingdown(10) from some other state. The other state
is indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 2 }
vmShutdown NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
shutdown(11) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 3 }
vmPaused NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
paused(8) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 4 }
vmSuspending NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
suspending(5) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 5 }
vmSuspended NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
suspended(6) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 6 }
vmResuming NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
resuming(7) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 7 }
vmMigrating NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of a virtual machine has been changed to
migrating(9) from some other state. The other state is
indicated by the included value of vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 8 }
vmCrashed NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when a virtual machine
has been crashed. The previous state of the virtual
machine is indicated by the included value of
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 9 }
vmDeleted NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOperState,
vmPersistent
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when a virtual machine
has been deleted. The prior state of the virtual
machine is indicated by the included value of
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 10 }
vmBulkRunning NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to running(4) from any prior state, except for
running(4). Management stations are encouraged to
subsequently poll the subset of virtual machines of
interest for vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 11 }
vmBulkShuttingdown NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to shuttingdown(10) from a state other than
shuttingdown(10). Management stations are encouraged to
subsequently poll the subset of virtual machines of
interest for vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 12 }
vmBulkShutdown NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machine has been changed to
shutdown(11) from a state other than shutdown(11).
Management stations are encouraged to subsequently poll
the subset of virtual machines of interest for
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 13 }
vmBulkPaused NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to paused(8) from a state other than paused(8).
Management stations are encouraged to subsequently poll
the subset of virtual machines of interest for
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 14 }
vmBulkSuspending NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to suspending(5) from a state other than suspending(5).
Management stations are encouraged to subsequently poll
the subset of virtual machines of interest for
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 15 }
vmBulkSuspended NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to suspended(6) from a state other than suspended(6).
Management stations are encouraged to subsequently poll
the subset of virtual machines of interest for
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 16 }
vmBulkResuming NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to resuming(7) from a state other than resuming(7).
Management stations are encouraged to subsequently poll
the subset of virtual machines of interest for
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 17 }
vmBulkMigrating NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when the operational
state of one or more virtual machines has been changed
to migrating(9) from a state other than migrating(9).
Management stations are encouraged to subsequently poll
the subset of virtual machines of interest for
vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 18 }
vmBulkCrashed NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when one or more virtual
machines have been crashed. Management stations are
encouraged to subsequently poll the subset of virtual
machines of interest for vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 19 }
vmBulkDeleted NOTIFICATION-TYPE
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This notification is generated when one or more virtual
machines have been deleted. Management stations are
encouraged to subsequently poll the subset of virtual
machines of interest for vmOperState."
::= { vmNotifications 20 }
-- Compliance definitions:
vmCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vmConformance 1 }
vmGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vmConformance 2 }
vmFullCompliances MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Compliance statement for implementations supporting
read/write access, according to the object definitions."
MODULE -- this module
MANDATORY-GROUPS {
vmHypervisorGroup,
vmVirtualMachineGroup,
vmCpuGroup,
vmCpuAffinityGroup,
vmStorageGroup,
vmNetworkGroup
}
GROUP vmPerVMNotificationOptionalGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Support for per-VM notifications is optional. If not
implemented, then vmPerVMNotificationsEnabled MUST report
false(2)."
GROUP vmBulkNotificationsVariablesGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Necessary only if vmPerVMNotificationOptionalGroup is
implemented."
GROUP vmBulkNotificationOptionalGroup
DESCRIPTION
"Support for bulk notifications is optional. If not
implemented, then vmBulkNotificationsEnabled MUST report
false(2)."
::= { vmCompliances 1 }
vmReadOnlyCompliances MODULE-COMPLIANCE
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Compliance statement for implementations supporting
only read-only access."
MODULE -- this module
MANDATORY-GROUPS {
vmHypervisorGroup,
vmVirtualMachineGroup,
vmCpuGroup,
vmCpuAffinityGroup,
vmStorageGroup,
vmNetworkGroup
}
OBJECT vmPerVMNotificationsEnabled
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is not required."
OBJECT vmBulkNotificationsEnabled
MIN-ACCESS read-only
DESCRIPTION
"Write access is not required."
::= { vmCompliances 2 }
vmHypervisorGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
vmHvSoftware,
vmHvVersion,
vmHvObjectID,
vmHvUpTime,
vmNumber,
vmTableLastChange,
vmPerVMNotificationsEnabled,
vmBulkNotificationsEnabled
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing insight into the
hypervisor itself."
::= { vmGroups 1 }
vmVirtualMachineGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
-- vmIndex
vmName,
vmUUID,
vmOSType,
vmAdminState,
vmOperState,
vmAutoStart,
vmPersistent,
vmCurCpuNumber,
vmMinCpuNumber,
vmMaxCpuNumber,
vmMemUnit,
vmCurMem,
vmMinMem,
vmMaxMem,
vmUpTime,
vmCpuTime
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing insight into the
virtual machines controlled by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 2 }
vmCpuGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
-- vmCpuIndex,
vmCpuCoreTime
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing insight into the
virtual machines controlled by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 3 }
vmCpuAffinityGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
-- vmCpuPhysIndex,
vmCpuAffinity
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing insight into the
virtual machines controlled by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 4 }
vmStorageGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
-- vmStorageVmIndex,
-- vmStorageIndex,
vmStorageParent,
vmStorageSourceType,
vmStorageSourceTypeString,
vmStorageResourceID,
vmStorageAccess,
vmStorageMediaType,
vmStorageMediaTypeString,
vmStorageSizeUnit,
vmStorageDefinedSize,
vmStorageAllocatedSize,
vmStorageReadIOs,
vmStorageWriteIOs,
vmStorageReadOctets,
vmStorageWriteOctets,
vmStorageReadLatency,
vmStorageWriteLatency
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing insight into the
virtual storage devices controlled by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 5 }
vmNetworkGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
-- vmNetworkIndex,
vmNetworkIfIndex,
vmNetworkParent,
vmNetworkModel,
vmNetworkPhysAddress
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of objects providing insight into the
virtual network interfaces controlled by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 6 }
vmPerVMNotificationOptionalGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
NOTIFICATIONS {
vmRunning,
vmShuttingdown,
vmShutdown,
vmPaused,
vmSuspending,
vmSuspended,
vmResuming,
vmMigrating,
vmCrashed,
vmDeleted
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of notifications for per-VM notification
of changes to virtual machine state (vmOperState) as
reported by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 7 }
vmBulkNotificationsVariablesGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS {
vmAffectedVMs
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The variables used in vmBulkNotificationOptionalGroup
virtual network interfaces controlled by a hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 8 }
vmBulkNotificationOptionalGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
NOTIFICATIONS {
vmBulkRunning,
vmBulkShuttingdown,
vmBulkShutdown,
vmBulkPaused,
vmBulkSuspending,
vmBulkSuspended,
vmBulkResuming,
vmBulkMigrating,
vmBulkCrashed,
vmBulkDeleted
}
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A collection of notifications for bulk notification of
changes to virtual machine state (vmOperState) as
reported by a given hypervisor."
::= { vmGroups 9 }
END
6.2. IANA-STORAGE-MEDIA-TYPE-MIB
IANA-STORAGE-MEDIA-TYPE-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
MODULE-IDENTITY, mib-2
FROM SNMPv2-SMI
TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
FROM SNMPv2-TC;
ianaStorageMediaTypeMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "201510120000Z" -- 12 October 2015
ORGANIZATION "IANA"
CONTACT-INFO
"Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Postal: ICANN
12025 Waterfront Drive, Suite 300
Los Angeles, CA 90094-2536
United States
Tel: +1 310-301-5800
Email: iana@iana.org"
DESCRIPTION
"This MIB module defines Textual Conventions
representing the media type of a storage device.
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified
as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with
or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
subject to the license terms contained in, the
Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the
IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info)."
REVISION "201510120000Z" -- 12 October 2015
DESCRIPTION
"The initial version of this MIB, published as
RFC 7666."
::= { mib-2 237 }
IANAStorageMediaType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The media type of a storage device:
unknown(1) The media type is unknown, e.g., because
the implementation failed to obtain the
media type from the hypervisor.
other(2) The media type is other than those
defined in this conversion.
hardDisk(3) The media type is hard disk.
opticalDisk(4) The media type is optical disk.
floppyDisk(5) The media type is floppy disk."
SYNTAX INTEGER {
other(1),
unknown(2),
hardDisk(3),
opticalDisk(4),
floppyDisk(5)
}
END
7. IANA Considerations
This document defines the first version of the IANA-maintained
IANA-STORAGE-MEDIA-TYPE-MIB module, which allows new storage media
types to be added to the enumeration in IANAStorageMediaType. An
Expert Review, as defined in RFC 5226 [RFC5226], is REQUIRED for each
modification.
The MIB module in this document uses the following IANA-assigned
OBJECT IDENTIFIER values recorded in the SMI Numbers registry:
Descriptor OBJECT IDENTIFIER value
---------- -----------------------
vmMIB { mib-2 236 }
ianaStorageMediaTypeMIB { mib-2 237 }
8. Security Considerations
This MIB module is typically implemented on the hypervisor not inside
a virtual machine. Virtual machines, possibly under other
administrative domains, would not have access to this MIB as the SNMP
service would typically operate in a separate management network.
There are two objects defined in this MIB module,
vmPerVMNotificationsEnabled and vmBulkNotificationsEnabled, that have
a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write. Enabling notifications can lead
to a substantial number of notifications if many virtual machines
change their state concurrently. Hence, such objects may be
considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. The
support for SET operations in a non-secure environment without proper
protection can have a negative effect on the management system. It
is RECOMMENDED that these objects have access of read-only instead of
read-write on deployments where SNMPv3 strong security (i.e.,
authentication and encryption) is not used.
There are a number of managed objects in this MIB that may contain
sensitive information. The objects in the vmHvSoftware and
vmHvVersion list information about the hypervisor's software and
version. Some may wish not to disclose to others which software they
are running. Further, an inventory of the running software and
versions may be helpful to an attacker who hopes to exploit software
bugs in certain applications. Moreover, the objects in the vmTable,
vmCpuTable, vmCpuAffinityTable, vmStorageTable, and
vmNetworkTable list information about the virtual machines and their
virtual resource allocation. Some may wish not to disclose to others
how many and what virtual machines they are operating.
It is thus important to control even GET access to these objects and
possibly to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending
them over the network via SNMP. Not all versions of SNMP provide
features for such a secure environment.
SNMPv1 by itself is not a secure environment. Even if the network
itself is secure (for example by using IPsec), there is no control as
to who on the secure network is allowed to access and GET/SET
(read/change/create/delete) the objects in this MIB module.
It is recommended that the implementers consider using the security
features as provided by the SNMPv3 framework. Specifically, the use
of the User-based Security Model [RFC3414] and the View-based Access
Control Model [RFC3415] is recommended.
It is then a customer/user responsibility to ensure that the SNMP
entity giving access to an instance of this MIB is properly
configured to give access to the objects only to those principals
(users) that have legitimate rights to indeed GET or SET
(change/create/delete) them.
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information
Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2578, April 1999,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2578>.
[RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2",
STD 58, RFC 2579, DOI 10.17487/RFC2579, April 1999,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2579>.
[RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Conformance Statements for SMIv2",
STD 58, RFC 2580, DOI 10.17487/RFC2580, April 1999,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2580>.
[RFC2790] Waldbusser, S. and P. Grillo, "Host Resources MIB",
RFC 2790, DOI 10.17487/RFC2790, March 2000,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2790>.
[RFC2863] McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group
MIB", RFC 2863, DOI 10.17487/RFC2863, June 2000,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2863>.
[RFC3413] Levi, D., Meyer, P., and B. Stewart, "Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) Applications", STD 62,
RFC 3413, DOI 10.17487/RFC3413, December 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3413>.
[RFC3414] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model
(USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMPv3)", STD 62, RFC 3414,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3414, December 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3414>.
[RFC3415] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R., and K. McCloghrie, "View-based
Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62, RFC 3415,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3415, December 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3415>.
[RFC3418] Presuhn, R., Ed., "Management Information Base (MIB) for
the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62,
RFC 3418, DOI 10.17487/RFC3418, December 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3418>.
[RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5226, May 2008,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5226>.
[RFC6933] Bierman, A., Romascanu, D., Quittek, J., and M.
Chandramouli, "Entity MIB (Version 4)", RFC 6933,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6933, May 2013,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6933>.
9.2. Informative References
[IEEE8021-BRIDGE-MIB]
IEEE, "IEEE8021-BRIDGE-MIB", October 2008,
<http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/public/MIBs/
IEEE8021-BRIDGE-MIB-200810150000Z.txt>.
[IEEE8021-Q-BRIDGE-MIB]
IEEE, "IEEE8021-Q-BRIDGE-MIB", October 2008,
<http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/public/MIBs/
IEEE8021-Q-BRIDGE-MIB-200810150000Z.txt>.
[libvirt] The libvirt developers, "The libvirt virtialization API",
<http://www.libvirt.org/>.
[RFC3410] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart,
"Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet-
Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3410, December 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3410>.
[VMware] VMware, Inc., "The VMware Hypervisor",
<http://www.vmware.com/>.
[Xen] The Xen Project, "The Xen Hypervisor",
<http://www.xenproject.org/>.
Appendix A. State Transition Table
+--------------+----------------+--------------+--------------------+
| State | Change to | Next State | Notification |
| | vmAdminState | | |
| | at the | | |
| | hypervisor or | | |
| | (Event) | | |
+--------------+----------------+--------------+--------------------+
| suspended | running | resuming | vmResuming | |
| | | | vmBulkResuming |
| | | | |
| suspending | (suspend | suspended | vmSuspended | |
| | operation | | vmBulkSuspended |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| running | suspended | suspending | vmSuspending | |
| | | | vmBulkSuspending |
| | | | |
| | shutdown | shuttingdown | vmShuttingdown | |
| | | | vmBulkShuttingdown |
| | | | |
| | (migration to | migrating | vmMigrating | |
| | other | | vmBulkMigrating |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | initiated) | | |
| | | | |
| resuming | (resume | running | vmRunning | |
| | operation | | vmBulkRunning |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| paused | running | running | vmRunning | |
| | | | vmBulkRunning |
| | | | |
| shuttingdown | (shutdown | shutdown | vmShutdown | |
| | operation | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| shutdown | running | running | vmRunning | |
| | | | vmBulkRunning |
| | | | |
| | (if this state | migrating | vmMigrating | |
| | entry is | | vmBulkMigrating |
| | created by a | | |
| | migration | | |
| | operation (*) | | |
| | | | |
| | (deletion | (no state) | vmDeleted | |
| | operation | | vmBulkDeleted |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| migrating | (migration | running | vmRunning | |
| | from other | | vmBulkRunning |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| | (migration to | shutdown | vmShutdown | |
| | other | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | completed) | | |
| | | | |
| preparing | (preparation | shutdown | vmShutdown | |
| | completed) | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | | | |
| crashed | - | - | - |
| | | | |
| | (crashed) | crashed | vmCrashed | |
| | | | vmBulkCrashed |
| | | | |
| (no state) | (preparation | preparing | - |
| | initiated) | | |
| | | | |
| | (migrate from | shutdown (*) | vmShutdown | |
| | other | | vmBulkShutdown |
| | hypervisor | | |
| | initiated) | | |
+--------------+----------------+--------------+--------------------+
State Transition Table for vmOperState
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Andy Bierman, David Black, Joe Marcus
Clarke, C.M. Heard, Joel Jaeggli, Tom Petch, Randy Presuhn, and Ian
West for providing helpful comments during the development of this
specification.
Juergen Schoenwaelder was partly funded by Flamingo, a Network of
Excellence project (ICT-318488) supported by the European Commission
under its Seventh Framework Programme.
Contributors
Yuji Sekiya
The University of Tokyo
2-11-16 Yayoi
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8658
Japan
Email: sekiya@wide.ad.jp
Cathy Zhou
Huawei Technologies
Bantian, Longgang District
Shenzhen 518129
China
Email: cathyzhou@huawei.com
Hiroshi Esaki
The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656
Japan
Email: hiroshi@wide.ad.jp
Authors' Addresses
Hirochika Asai
The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656
Japan
Phone: +81 3 5841 6748
Email: panda@hongo.wide.ad.jp
Michael MacFaden
VMware Inc.
Email: mrm@vmware.com
Juergen Schoenwaelder
Jacobs University
Campus Ring 1
Bremen 28759
Germany
Email: j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de
Keiichi Shima
IIJ Innovation Institute Inc.
2-10-2 Fujimi
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0071
Japan
Email: keiichi@iijlab.net
Tina Tsou
Huawei Technologies (USA)
2330 Central Expressway
Santa Clara, CA 95050
United States
Email: tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com