| Rfc | 4791 |
|---|
| Title | Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV) |
|---|
| Author | C. Daboo, B.
Desruisseaux, L. Dusseault |
|---|
| Date | March 2007 |
|---|
| Format: | TXT, HTML |
|---|
| Status: | PROPOSED STANDARD |
|---|
|
Network Working Group C. Daboo
Request for Comments: 4791 Apple
Category: Standards Track B. Desruisseaux
Oracle
L. Dusseault
CommerceNet
March 2007
Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV)
Status of This Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).
Abstract
This document defines extensions to the Web Distributed Authoring and
Versioning (WebDAV) protocol to specify a standard way of accessing,
managing, and sharing calendaring and scheduling information based on
the iCalendar format. This document defines the "calendar-access"
feature of CalDAV.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1. Notational Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2. XML Namespaces and Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3. Method Preconditions and Postconditions . . . . . . . . . 6
2. Requirements Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. Calendaring Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1. Calendar Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2. Recurrence and the Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4. Calendar Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1. Calendar Object Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2. Calendar Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5. Calendar Access Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.1. Calendar Access Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.1.1. Example: Using OPTIONS for the Discovery of
Calendar Access Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.2. Calendar Collection Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.2.1. CALDAV:calendar-description Property . . . . . . . . . 12
5.2.2. CALDAV:calendar-timezone Property . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.2.3. CALDAV:supported-calendar-component-set Property . . . 14
5.2.4. CALDAV:supported-calendar-data Property . . . . . . . 15
5.2.5. CALDAV:max-resource-size Property . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.2.6. CALDAV:min-date-time Property . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.2.7. CALDAV:max-date-time Property . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.2.8. CALDAV:max-instances Property . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.2.9. CALDAV:max-attendees-per-instance Property . . . . . . 19
5.2.10. Additional Precondition for PROPPATCH . . . . . . . . 20
5.3. Creating Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.3.1. MKCALENDAR Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.3.1.1. Status Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.3.1.2. Example: Successful MKCALENDAR Request . . . . . . 23
5.3.2. Creating Calendar Object Resources . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.3.2.1. Additional Preconditions for PUT, COPY, and
MOVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.3. Non-Standard Components, Properties, and Parameters . 28
5.3.4. Calendar Object Resource Entity Tag . . . . . . . . . 28
6. Calendaring Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1. Calendaring Privilege . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1.1. CALDAV:read-free-busy Privilege . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.2. Additional Principal Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.2.1. CALDAV:calendar-home-set Property . . . . . . . . . . 30
7. Calendaring Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.1. REPORT Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.2. Ordinary Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.3. Date and Floating Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.4. Time Range Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.5. Searching Text: Collations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
9.7.1. CALDAV:comp-filter XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
9.7.2. CALDAV:prop-filter XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
9.7.3. CALDAV:param-filter XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . 87
9.7.4. CALDAV:is-not-defined XML Element . . . . . . . . . . 88
9.7.5. CALDAV:text-match XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
9.8. CALDAV:timezone XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
9.9. CALDAV:time-range XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
9.10. CALDAV:calendar-multiget XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . 94
9.11. CALDAV:free-busy-query XML Element . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
10. Internationalization Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
11. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
12. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
12.1. Namespace Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
13. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
14. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
14.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
14.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Appendix A. CalDAV Method Privilege Table (Normative) . . . . . . 99
Appendix B. Calendar Collections Used in the Examples . . . . . . 99
1. Introduction
The concept of using HTTP [RFC2616] and WebDAV [RFC2518] as a basis
for a calendar access protocol is by no means a new concept: it was
discussed in the IETF CALSCH working group as early as 1997 or 1998.
Several companies have implemented calendar access protocols using
HTTP to upload and download iCalendar [RFC2445] objects, and using
WebDAV to get listings of resources. However, those implementations
do not interoperate because there are many small and big decisions to
be made in how to model calendaring data as WebDAV resources, as well
as how to implement required features that aren't already part of
WebDAV. This document proposes a way to model calendar data in
WebDAV, with additional features to make an interoperable calendar
access protocol.
1.1. Notational Conventions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
The term "protected" is used in the Conformance field of property
definitions as defined in Section 1.4.2 of [RFC3253].
When XML element types in the namespaces "DAV:" and
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav" are referenced in this document
outside of the context of an XML fragment, the string "DAV:" and
"CALDAV:" will be prefixed to the element type names, respectively.
1.2. XML Namespaces and Processing
Definitions of XML elements in this document use XML element type
declarations (as found in XML Document Type Declarations), described
in Section 3.2 of [W3C.REC-xml-20060816].
The namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav" is reserved for the XML
elements defined in this specification, its revisions, and related
CalDAV specifications. XML elements defined by individual
implementations MUST NOT use the "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
namespace, and instead should use a namespace that they control.
The XML declarations used in this document do not include namespace
information. Thus, implementers must not use these declarations as
the only way to create valid CalDAV properties or to validate CalDAV
XML element types. Some of the declarations refer to XML elements
defined by WebDAV [RFC2518], which use the "DAV:" namespace.
Wherever such XML elements appear, they are explicitly prefixed with
"DAV:" to avoid confusion.
Also note that some CalDAV XML element names are identical to WebDAV
XML element names, though their namespace differs. Care must be
taken not to confuse the two sets of names.
Processing of XML by CalDAV clients and servers MUST follow the rules
described in [RFC2518]; in particular, Section 14, and Appendix 3 of
that specification.
1.3. Method Preconditions and Postconditions
A "precondition" of a method describes the state of the server that
must be true for that method to be performed. A "postcondition" of a
method describes the state of the server that must be true after that
method has been completed. If a method precondition or postcondition
for a request is not satisfied, the response status of the request
MUST either be 403 (Forbidden), if the request should not be repeated
because it will always fail, or 409 (Conflict), if it is expected
that the user might be able to resolve the conflict and resubmit the
request.
In order to allow better client handling of 403 and 409 responses, a
distinct XML element type is associated with each method precondition
and postcondition of a request. When a particular precondition is
not satisfied or a particular postcondition cannot be achieved, the
appropriate XML element MUST be returned as the child of a top-level
DAV:error element in the response body, unless otherwise negotiated
by the request.
2. Requirements Overview
This section lists what functionality is required of a CalDAV server.
To advertise support for CalDAV, a server:
o MUST support iCalendar [RFC2445] as a media type for the calendar
object resource format;
o MUST support WebDAV Class 1 [RFC2518] (note that [rfc2518bis]
describes clarifications to [RFC2518] that aid interoperability);
o MUST support WebDAV ACL [RFC3744] with the additional privilege
defined in Section 6.1 of this document;
o MUST support transport over TLS [RFC2246] as defined in [RFC2818]
(note that [RFC2246] has been obsoleted by [RFC4346]);
o MUST support ETags [RFC2616] with additional requirements
specified in Section 5.3.4 of this document;
o MUST support all calendaring reports defined in Section 7 of this
document; and
o MUST advertise support on all calendar collections and calendar
object resources for the calendaring reports in the DAV:supported-
report-set property, as defined in Versioning Extensions to WebDAV
[RFC3253].
In addition, a server:
o SHOULD support the MKCALENDAR method defined in Section 5.3.1 of
this document.
3. Calendaring Data Model
One of the features that has made WebDAV a successful protocol is its
firm data model. This makes it a useful framework for other
applications such as calendaring. This specification follows the
same pattern by developing all features based on a well-described
data model.
As a brief overview, a CalDAV calendar is modeled as a WebDAV
collection with a defined structure; each calendar collection
contains a number of resources representing calendar objects as its
direct child resource. Each resource representing a calendar object
(event, to-do, journal entry, or other calendar components) is called
a "calendar object resource". Each calendar object resource and each
calendar collection can be individually locked and have individual
WebDAV properties. Requirements derived from this model are provided
in Section 4.1 and Section 4.2.
3.1. Calendar Server
A CalDAV server is a calendaring-aware engine combined with a WebDAV
repository. A WebDAV repository is a set of WebDAV collections,
containing other WebDAV resources, within a unified URL namespace.
For example, the repository "http://www.example.com/webdav/" may
contain WebDAV collections and resources, all of which have URLs
beginning with "http://www.example.com/webdav/". Note that the root
URL, "http://www.example.com/", may not itself be a WebDAV repository
(for example, if the WebDAV support is implemented through a servlet
or other Web server extension).
A WebDAV repository MAY include calendar data in some parts of its
URL namespace, and non-calendaring data in other parts.
A WebDAV repository can advertise itself as a CalDAV server if it
supports the functionality defined in this specification at any point
within the root of the repository. That might mean that calendaring
data is spread throughout the repository and mixed with non-calendar
data in nearby collections (e.g., calendar data may be found in
/home/lisa/calendars/ as well as in /home/bernard/calendars/, and
non-calendar data in /home/lisa/contacts/). Or, it might mean that
calendar data can be found only in certain sections of the repository
(e.g., /calendar/). Calendaring features are only required in the
repository sections that are or contain calendar object resources.
Therefore, a repository confining calendar data to the /calendar/
collection would only need to support the CalDAV required features
within that collection.
The CalDAV server or repository is the canonical location for
calendar data and state information. Clients may submit requests to
change data or download data. Clients may store calendar objects
offline and attempt to synchronize at a later time. However, clients
MUST be prepared for calendar data on the server to change between
the time of last synchronization and when attempting an update, as
calendar collections may be shared and accessible via multiple
clients. Entity tags and other features make this possible.
3.2. Recurrence and the Data Model
Recurrence is an important part of the data model because it governs
how many resources are expected to exist. This specification models
a recurring calendar component and its recurrence exceptions as a
single resource. In this model, recurrence rules, recurrence dates,
exception rules, and exception dates are all part of the data in a
single calendar object resource. This model avoids problems of
limiting how many recurrence instances to store in the repository,
how to keep recurrence instances in sync with the recurring calendar
component, and how to link recurrence exceptions with the recurring
calendar component. It also results in less data to synchronize
between client and server, and makes it easier to make changes to all
recurrence instances or to a recurrence rule. It makes it easier to
create a recurring calendar component and to delete all recurrence
instances.
Clients are not forced to retrieve information about all recurrence
instances of a recurring component. The CALDAV:calendar-query and
CALDAV:calendar-multiget reports defined in this document allow
clients to retrieve only recurrence instances that overlap a given
time range.
4. Calendar Resources
4.1. Calendar Object Resources
Calendar object resources contained in calendar collections MUST NOT
contain more than one type of calendar component (e.g., VEVENT,
VTODO, VJOURNAL, VFREEBUSY, etc.) with the exception of VTIMEZONE
components, which MUST be specified for each unique TZID parameter
value specified in the iCalendar object. For instance, a calendar
object resource can contain one VEVENT component and one VTIMEZONE
component, but it cannot contain one VEVENT component and one VTODO
component. Instead, the VEVENT and VTODO components would have to be
stored in separate calendar object resources in the same collection.
Calendar object resources contained in calendar collections MUST NOT
specify the iCalendar METHOD property.
The UID property value of the calendar components contained in a
calendar object resource MUST be unique in the scope of the calendar
collection in which they are stored.
Calendar components in a calendar collection that have different UID
property values MUST be stored in separate calendar object resources.
Calendar components with the same UID property value, in a given
calendar collection, MUST be contained in the same calendar object
resource. This ensures that all components in a recurrence "set" are
contained in the same calendar object resource. It is possible for a
calendar object resource to just contain components that represent
"overridden" instances (ones that modify the behavior of a regular
instance, and thus include a RECURRENCE-ID property) without also
including the "master" recurring component (the one that defines the
recurrence "set" and does not contain any RECURRENCE-ID property).
For example, given the following iCalendar object:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:1@example.com
SUMMARY:One-off Meeting
DTSTAMP:20041210T183904Z
DTSTART:20041207T120000Z
DTEND:20041207T130000Z
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:2@example.com
SUMMARY:Weekly Meeting
DTSTAMP:20041210T183838Z
DTSTART:20041206T120000Z
DTEND:20041206T130000Z
RRULE:FREQ=WEEKLY
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:2@example.com
SUMMARY:Weekly Meeting
RECURRENCE-ID:20041213T120000Z
DTSTAMP:20041210T183838Z
DTSTART:20041213T130000Z
DTEND:20041213T140000Z
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
The VEVENT component with the UID value "1@example.com" would be
stored in its own calendar object resource. The two VEVENT
components with the UID value "2@example.com", which represent a
recurring event where one recurrence instance has been overridden,
would be stored in the same calendar object resource.
4.2. Calendar Collection
A calendar collection contains calendar object resources that
represent calendar components within a calendar. A calendar
collection is manifested to clients as a WebDAV resource collection
identified by a URL. A calendar collection MUST report the DAV:
collection and CALDAV:calendar XML elements in the value of the DAV:
resourcetype property. The element type declaration for CALDAV:
calendar is:
<!ELEMENT calendar EMPTY>
A calendar collection can be created through provisioning (i.e.,
automatically created when a user's account is provisioned), or it
can be created with the MKCALENDAR method (see Section 5.3.1). This
method can be useful for a user to create additional calendars (e.g.,
soccer schedule) or for users to share a calendar (e.g., team events
or conference rooms). However, note that this document doesn't
define the purpose of extra calendar collections. Users must rely on
non-standard cues to find out what a calendar collection is for, or
use the CALDAV:calendar-description property defined in Section 5.2.1
to provide such a cue.
The following restrictions are applied to the resources within a
calendar collection:
a. Calendar collections MUST only contain calendar object resources
and collections that are not calendar collections, i.e., the only
"top-level" non-collection resources allowed in a calendar
collection are calendar object resources. This ensures that
calendar clients do not have to deal with non-calendar data in a
calendar collection, though they do have to distinguish between
calendar object resources and collections when using standard
WebDAV techniques to examine the contents of a collection.
b. Collections contained in calendar collections MUST NOT contain
calendar collections at any depth, i.e., "nesting" of calendar
collections within other calendar collections at any depth is not
allowed. This specification does not define how collections
contained in a calendar collection are used or how they relate to
any calendar object resources contained in the calendar
collection.
Multiple calendar collections MAY be children of the same collection.
5. Calendar Access Feature
5.1. Calendar Access Support
A server supporting the features described in this document MUST
include "calendar-access" as a field in the DAV response header from
an OPTIONS request on any resource that supports any calendar
properties, reports, method, or privilege. A value of "calendar-
access" in the DAV response header MUST indicate that the server
supports all MUST level requirements specified in this document.
5.1.1. Example: Using OPTIONS for the Discovery of Calendar Access
Support
>> Request <<
OPTIONS /home/bernard/calendars/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Allow: OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, COPY, MOVE
Allow: PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, LOCK, UNLOCK, REPORT, ACL
DAV: 1, 2, access-control, calendar-access
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Length: 0
In this example, the OPTIONS method returns the value "calendar-
access" in the DAV response header to indicate that the collection
"/home/bernard/calendars/" supports the properties, reports, method,
or privilege defined in this specification.
5.2. Calendar Collection Properties
This section defines properties for calendar collections.
5.2.1. CALDAV:calendar-description Property
Name: calendar-description
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Provides a human-readable description of the calendar
collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MAY be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]). An xml:lang attribute indicating the human
language of the description SHOULD be set for this property by
clients or through server provisioning. Servers MUST return any
xml:lang attribute if set for the property.
Description: If present, the property contains a description of the
calendar collection that is suitable for presentation to a user.
If not present, the client should assume no description for the
calendar collection.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar-description (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: string
Example:
<C:calendar-description xml:lang="fr-CA"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
>Calendrier de Mathilde Desruisseaux</C:calendar-description>
5.2.2. CALDAV:calendar-timezone Property
Name: calendar-timezone
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a time zone on a calendar collection.
Conformance: This property SHOULD be defined on all calendar
collections. If defined, it SHOULD NOT be returned by a PROPFIND
DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section 12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:calendar-timezone property is used to
specify the time zone the server should rely on to resolve "date"
values and "date with local time" values (i.e., floating time) to
"date with UTC time" values. The server will require this
information to determine if a calendar component scheduled with
"date" values or "date with local time" values overlaps a CALDAV:
time-range specified in a CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT. The
server will also require this information to compute the proper
FREEBUSY time period as "date with UTC time" in the VFREEBUSY
component returned in a response to a CALDAV:free-busy-query
REPORT request that takes into account calendar components
scheduled with "date" values or "date with local time" values. In
the absence of this property, the server MAY rely on the time zone
of their choice.
Note: The iCalendar data embedded within the CALDAV:calendar-
timezone XML element MUST follow the standard XML character data
encoding rules, including use of <, >, & etc. entity
encoding or the use of a <![CDATA[ ... ]]> construct. In the
later case, the iCalendar data cannot contain the character
sequence "]]>", which is the end delimiter for the CDATA section.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar-timezone (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: an iCalendar object with exactly one VTIMEZONE
component.
Example:
<C:calendar-timezone
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
TZID:US-Eastern
LAST-MODIFIED:19870101T000000Z
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:19671029T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
TZNAME:Eastern Standard Time (US & Canada)
END:STANDARD
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:19870405T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
TZNAME:Eastern Daylight Time (US & Canada)
END:DAYLIGHT
END:VTIMEZONE
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-timezone>
5.2.3. CALDAV:supported-calendar-component-set Property
Name: supported-calendar-component-set
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies the calendar component types (e.g., VEVENT,
VTODO, etc.) that calendar object resources can contain in the
calendar collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:supported-calendar-component-set property is
used to specify restrictions on the calendar component types that
calendar object resources may contain in a calendar collection.
Any attempt by the client to store calendar object resources with
component types not listed in this property, if it exists, MUST
result in an error, with the CALDAV:supported-calendar-component
precondition (Section 5.3.2.1) being violated. Since this
property is protected, it cannot be changed by clients using a
PROPPATCH request. However, clients can initialize the value of
this property when creating a new calendar collection with
MKCALENDAR. The empty-element tag <C:comp name="VTIMEZONE"/> MUST
only be specified if support for calendar object resources that
only contain VTIMEZONE components is provided or desired. Support
for VTIMEZONE components in calendar object resources that contain
VEVENT or VTODO components is always assumed. In the absence of
this property, the server MUST accept all component types, and the
client can assume that all component types are accepted.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT supported-calendar-component-set (comp+)>
Example:
<C:supported-calendar-component-set
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<C:comp name="VEVENT"/>
<C:comp name="VTODO"/>
</C:supported-calendar-component-set>
5.2.4. CALDAV:supported-calendar-data Property
Name: supported-calendar-data
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies what media types are allowed for calendar object
resources in a calendar collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:supported-calendar-data property is used to
specify the media type supported for the calendar object resources
contained in a given calendar collection (e.g., iCalendar version
2.0). Any attempt by the client to store calendar object
resources with a media type not listed in this property MUST
result in an error, with the CALDAV:supported-calendar-data
precondition (Section 5.3.2.1) being violated. In the absence of
this property, the server MUST only accept data with the media
type "text/calendar" and iCalendar version 2.0, and clients can
assume that the server will only accept this data.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT supported-calendar-data (calendar-data+)>
Example:
<C:supported-calendar-data
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<C:calendar-data content-type="text/calendar" version="2.0"/>
</C:supported-calendar-data>
5.2.5. CALDAV:max-resource-size Property
Name: max-resource-size
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Provides a numeric value indicating the maximum size of a
resource in octets that the server is willing to accept when a
calendar object resource is stored in a calendar collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:max-resource-size is used to specify a
numeric value that represents the maximum size in octets that the
server is willing to accept when a calendar object resource is
stored in a calendar collection. Any attempt to store a calendar
object resource exceeding this size MUST result in an error, with
the CALDAV:max-resource-size precondition (Section 5.3.2.1) being
violated. In the absence of this property, the client can assume
that the server will allow storing a resource of any reasonable
size.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT max-resource-size (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: a numeric value (positive integer)
Example:
<C:max-resource-size xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
>102400</C:max-resource-size>
5.2.6. CALDAV:min-date-time Property
Name: min-date-time
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Provides a DATE-TIME value indicating the earliest date and
time (in UTC) that the server is willing to accept for any DATE or
DATE-TIME value in a calendar object resource stored in a calendar
collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:min-date-time is used to specify an
iCalendar DATE-TIME value in UTC that indicates the earliest
inclusive date that the server is willing to accept for any
explicit DATE or DATE-TIME value in a calendar object resource
stored in a calendar collection. Any attempt to store a calendar
object resource using a DATE or DATE-TIME value earlier than this
value MUST result in an error, with the CALDAV:min-date-time
precondition (Section 5.3.2.1) being violated. Note that servers
MUST accept recurring components that specify instances beyond
this limit, provided none of those instances have been overridden.
In that case, the server MAY simply ignore those instances outside
of the acceptable range when processing reports on the calendar
object resource. In the absence of this property, the client can
assume any valid iCalendar date may be used at least up to the
CALDAV:max-date-time value, if that is defined.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT min-date-time (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: an iCalendar format DATE-TIME value in UTC
Example:
<C:min-date-time xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
>19000101T000000Z</C:min-date-time>
5.2.7. CALDAV:max-date-time Property
Name: max-date-time
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Provides a DATE-TIME value indicating the latest date and
time (in UTC) that the server is willing to accept for any DATE or
DATE-TIME value in a calendar object resource stored in a calendar
collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:max-date-time is used to specify an
iCalendar DATE-TIME value in UTC that indicates the inclusive
latest date that the server is willing to accept for any date or
time value in a calendar object resource stored in a calendar
collection. Any attempt to store a calendar object resource using
a DATE or DATE-TIME value later than this value MUST result in an
error, with the CALDAV:max-date-time precondition
(Section 5.3.2.1) being violated. Note that servers MUST accept
recurring components that specify instances beyond this limit,
provided none of those instances have been overridden. In that
case, the server MAY simply ignore those instances outside of the
acceptable range when processing reports on the calendar object
resource. In the absence of this property, the client can assume
any valid iCalendar date may be used at least down to the CALDAV:
min-date-time value, if that is defined.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT max-date-time (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: an iCalendar format DATE-TIME value in UTC
Example:
<C:max-date-time xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
>20491231T235959Z</C:max-date-time>
5.2.8. CALDAV:max-instances Property
Name: max-instances
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Provides a numeric value indicating the maximum number of
recurrence instances that a calendar object resource stored in a
calendar collection can generate.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:max-instances is used to specify a numeric
value that indicates the maximum number of recurrence instances
that a calendar object resource stored in a calendar collection
can generate. Any attempt to store a calendar object resource
with a recurrence pattern that generates more instances than this
value MUST result in an error, with the CALDAV:max-instances
precondition (Section 5.3.2.1) being violated. In the absence of
this property, the client can assume that the server has no limits
on the number of recurrence instances it can handle or expand.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT max-instances (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: a numeric value (integer greater than zero)
Example:
<C:max-instances xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
>100</C:max-instances>
5.2.9. CALDAV:max-attendees-per-instance Property
Name: max-attendees-per-instance
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Provides a numeric value indicating the maximum number of
ATTENDEE properties in any instance of a calendar object resource
stored in a calendar collection.
Conformance: This property MAY be defined on any calendar
collection. If defined, it MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:max-attendees-per-instance is used to
specify a numeric value that indicates the maximum number of
iCalendar ATTENDEE properties on any one instance of a calendar
object resource stored in a calendar collection. Any attempt to
store a calendar object resource with more ATTENDEE properties per
instance than this value MUST result in an error, with the CALDAV:
max-attendees-per-instance precondition (Section 5.3.2.1) being
violated. In the absence of this property, the client can assume
that the server can handle any number of ATTENDEE properties in a
calendar component.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT max-attendees-per-instance (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: a numeric value (integer greater than zero)
Example:
<C:max-attendees-per-instance
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
>25</C:max-attendees-per-instance>
5.2.10. Additional Precondition for PROPPATCH
This specification requires an additional Precondition for the
PROPPATCH method. The precondition is:
(CALDAV:valid-calendar-data): The time zone specified in CALDAV:
calendar-timezone property MUST be a valid iCalendar object
containing a single valid VTIMEZONE component.
5.3. Creating Resources
Calendar collections and calendar object resources may be created by
either a CalDAV client or by the CalDAV server. This specification
defines restrictions and a data model that both clients and servers
MUST adhere to when manipulating such calendar data.
5.3.1. MKCALENDAR Method
An HTTP request using the MKCALENDAR method creates a new calendar
collection resource. A server MAY restrict calendar collection
creation to particular collections.
Support for MKCALENDAR on the server is only RECOMMENDED and not
REQUIRED because some calendar stores only support one calendar per
user (or principal), and those are typically pre-created for each
account. However, servers and clients are strongly encouraged to
support MKCALENDAR whenever possible to allow users to create
multiple calendar collections to help organize their data better.
Clients SHOULD use the DAV:displayname property for a human-readable
name of the calendar. Clients can either specify the value of the
DAV:displayname property in the request body of the MKCALENDAR
request, or alternatively issue a PROPPATCH request to change the
DAV:displayname property to the appropriate value immediately after
issuing the MKCALENDAR request. Clients SHOULD NOT set the DAV:
displayname property to be the same as any other calendar collection
at the same URI "level". When displaying calendar collections to
users, clients SHOULD check the DAV:displayname property and use that
value as the name of the calendar. In the event that the DAV:
displayname property is empty, the client MAY use the last part of
the calendar collection URI as the name; however, that path segment
may be "opaque" and not represent any meaningful human-readable text.
If a MKCALENDAR request fails, the server state preceding the request
MUST be restored.
Marshalling:
If a request body is included, it MUST be a CALDAV:mkcalendar XML
element. Instruction processing MUST occur in the order
instructions are received (i.e., from top to bottom).
Instructions MUST either all be executed or none executed. Thus,
if any error occurs during processing, all executed instructions
MUST be undone and a proper error result returned. Instruction
processing details can be found in the definition of the DAV:set
instruction in Section 12.13.2 of [RFC2518].
<!ELEMENT mkcalendar (DAV:set)>
If a response body for a successful request is included, it MUST
be a CALDAV:mkcalendar-response XML element.
<!ELEMENT mkcalendar-response ANY>
The response MUST include a Cache-Control:no-cache header.
Preconditions:
(DAV:resource-must-be-null): A resource MUST NOT exist at the
Request-URI;
(CALDAV:calendar-collection-location-ok): The Request-URI MUST
identify a location where a calendar collection can be created;
(CALDAV:valid-calendar-data): The time zone specified in the
CALDAV:calendar-timezone property MUST be a valid iCalendar object
containing a single valid VTIMEZONE component;
(DAV:needs-privilege): The DAV:bind privilege MUST be granted to
the current user on the parent collection of the Request-URI.
Postconditions:
(CALDAV:initialize-calendar-collection): A new calendar collection
exists at the Request-URI. The DAV:resourcetype of the calendar
collection MUST contain both DAV:collection and CALDAV:calendar
XML elements.
5.3.1.1. Status Codes
The following are examples of response codes one would expect to get
in a response to a MKCALENDAR request. Note that this list is by no
means exhaustive.
201 (Created) - The calendar collection resource was created in
its entirety;
207 (Multi-Status) - The calendar collection resource was not
created since one or more DAV:set instructions specified in the
request body could not be processed successfully. The following
are examples of response codes one would expect to be used in a
207 (Multi-Status) response in this situation:
403 (Forbidden) - The client, for reasons the server chooses
not to specify, cannot alter one of the properties;
409 (Conflict) - The client has provided a value whose
semantics are not appropriate for the property. This includes
trying to set read-only properties;
424 (Failed Dependency) - The DAV:set instruction on the
specified resource would have succeeded if it were not for the
failure of another DAV:set instruction specified in the request
body;
423 (Locked) - The specified resource is locked and the client
either is not a lock owner or the lock type requires a lock
token to be submitted and the client did not submit it; and
507 (Insufficient Storage) - The server did not have sufficient
space to record the property;
403 (Forbidden) - This indicates at least one of two conditions:
1) the server does not allow the creation of calendar collections
at the given location in its namespace, or 2) the parent
collection of the Request-URI exists but cannot accept members;
409 (Conflict) - A collection cannot be made at the Request-URI
until one or more intermediate collections have been created;
415 (Unsupported Media Type) - The server does not support the
request type of the body; and
507 (Insufficient Storage) - The resource does not have sufficient
space to record the state of the resource after the execution of
this method.
5.3.1.2. Example: Successful MKCALENDAR Request
This example creates a calendar collection called /home/lisa/
calendars/events/ on the server cal.example.com with specific values
for the properties DAV:displayname, CALDAV:calendar-description,
CALDAV:supported-calendar-component-set, and CALDAV:calendar-
timezone.
>> Request <<
MKCALENDAR /home/lisa/calendars/events/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:mkcalendar xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:set>
<D:prop>
<D:displayname>Lisa's Events</D:displayname>
<C:calendar-description xml:lang="en"
>Calendar restricted to events.</C:calendar-description>
<C:supported-calendar-component-set>
<C:comp name="VEVENT"/>
</C:supported-calendar-component-set>
<C:calendar-timezone><![CDATA[BEGIN:VCALENDAR
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
TZID:US-Eastern
LAST-MODIFIED:19870101T000000Z
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:19671029T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
TZNAME:Eastern Standard Time (US & Canada)
END:STANDARD
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:19870405T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
TZNAME:Eastern Daylight Time (US & Canada)
END:DAYLIGHT
END:VTIMEZONE
END:VCALENDAR
]]></C:calendar-timezone>
</D:prop>
</D:set>
</C:mkcalendar>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Cache-Control: no-cache
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Length: 0
5.3.2. Creating Calendar Object Resources
Clients populate calendar collections with calendar object resources.
The URL for each calendar object resource is entirely arbitrary and
does not need to bear a specific relationship to the calendar object
resource's iCalendar properties or other metadata. New calendar
object resources MUST be created with a PUT request targeted at an
unmapped URI. A PUT request targeted at a mapped URI updates an
existing calendar object resource.
When servers create new resources, it's not hard for the server to
choose an unmapped URI. It's slightly tougher for clients, because a
client might not want to examine all resources in the collection and
might not want to lock the entire collection to ensure that a new
resource isn't created with a name collision. However, there is an
HTTP feature to mitigate this. If the client intends to create a new
non-collection resource, such as a new VEVENT, the client SHOULD use
the HTTP request header "If-None-Match: *" on the PUT request. The
Request-URI on the PUT request MUST include the target collection,
where the resource is to be created, plus the name of the resource in
the last path segment. The "If-None-Match: *" request header ensures
that the client will not inadvertently overwrite an existing resource
if the last path segment turned out to already be used.
>> Request <<
PUT /home/lisa/calendars/events/qwue23489.ics HTTP/1.1
If-None-Match: *
Host: cal.example.com
Content-Type: text/calendar
Content-Length: xxxx
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:20010712T182145Z-123401@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060712T182145Z
DTSTART:20060714T170000Z
DTEND:20060715T040000Z
SUMMARY:Bastille Day Party
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Content-Length: 0
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
ETag: "123456789-000-111"
The request to change an existing event is the same, but with a
specific ETag in the "If-Match" header, rather than the "If-None-
Match" header.
As indicated in Section 3.10 of [RFC2445], the URL of calendar object
resources containing (an arbitrary set of) calendaring and scheduling
information may be suffixed by ".ics", and the URL of calendar object
resources containing free or busy time information may be suffixed by
".ifb".
5.3.2.1. Additional Preconditions for PUT, COPY, and MOVE
This specification creates additional Preconditions for PUT, COPY,
and MOVE methods. These preconditions apply when a PUT operation of
a calendar object resource into a calendar collection occurs, or when
a COPY or MOVE operation of a calendar object resource into a
calendar collection occurs, or when a COPY or MOVE operation occurs
on a calendar collection.
The new preconditions are:
(CALDAV:supported-calendar-data): The resource submitted in the
PUT request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST be a
supported media type (i.e., iCalendar) for calendar object
resources;
(CALDAV:valid-calendar-data): The resource submitted in the PUT
request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST be valid data
for the media type being specified (i.e., MUST contain valid
iCalendar data);
(CALDAV:valid-calendar-object-resource): The resource submitted in
the PUT request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST obey
all restrictions specified in Section 4.1 (e.g., calendar object
resources MUST NOT contain more than one type of calendar
component, calendar object resources MUST NOT specify the
iCalendar METHOD property, etc.);
(CALDAV:supported-calendar-component): The resource submitted in
the PUT request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST
contain a type of calendar component that is supported in the
targeted calendar collection;
(CALDAV:no-uid-conflict): The resource submitted in the PUT
request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST NOT specify
an iCalendar UID property value already in use in the targeted
calendar collection or overwrite an existing calendar object
resource with one that has a different UID property value.
Servers SHOULD report the URL of the resource that is already
making use of the same UID property value in the DAV:href element;
<!ELEMENT no-uid-conflict (DAV:href)>
(CALDAV:calendar-collection-location-ok): In a COPY or MOVE
request, when the Request-URI is a calendar collection, the
Destination-URI MUST identify a location where a calendar
collection can be created;
(CALDAV:max-resource-size): The resource submitted in the PUT
request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST have an octet
size less than or equal to the value of the CALDAV:max-resource-
size property value (Section 5.2.5) on the calendar collection
where the resource will be stored;
(CALDAV:min-date-time): The resource submitted in the PUT request,
or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST have all of its
iCalendar DATE or DATE-TIME property values (for each recurring
instance) greater than or equal to the value of the CALDAV:min-
date-time property value (Section 5.2.6) on the calendar
collection where the resource will be stored;
(CALDAV:max-date-time): The resource submitted in the PUT request,
or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST have all of its
iCalendar DATE or DATE-TIME property values (for each recurring
instance) less than the value of the CALDAV:max-date-time property
value (Section 5.2.7) on the calendar collection where the
resource will be stored;
(CALDAV:max-instances): The resource submitted in the PUT request,
or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST generate a number of
recurring instances less than or equal to the value of the CALDAV:
max-instances property value (Section 5.2.8) on the calendar
collection where the resource will be stored;
(CALDAV:max-attendees-per-instance): The resource submitted in the
PUT request, or targeted by a COPY or MOVE request, MUST have a
number of ATTENDEE properties on any one instance less than or
equal to the value of the CALDAV:max-attendees-per-instance
property value (Section 5.2.9) on the calendar collection where
the resource will be stored;
5.3.3. Non-Standard Components, Properties, and Parameters
iCalendar provides a "standard mechanism for doing non-standard
things". This extension support allows implementers to make use of
non-standard components, properties, and parameters whose names are
prefixed with the text "X-".
Servers MUST support the use of non-standard components, properties,
and parameters in calendar object resources stored via the PUT
method.
Servers may need to enforce rules for their own "private" components,
properties, or parameters, so servers MAY reject any attempt by the
client to change those or use values for those outside of any
restrictions the server may have. Servers SHOULD ensure that any
"private" components, properties, or parameters it uses follow the
convention of including a vendor id in the "X-" name, as described in
Section 4.2 of [RFC2445], e.g., "X-ABC-PRIVATE".
5.3.4. Calendar Object Resource Entity Tag
The DAV:getetag property MUST be defined and set to a strong entity
tag on all calendar object resources.
A response to a GET request targeted at a calendar object resource
MUST contain an ETag response header field indicating the current
value of the strong entity tag of the calendar object resource.
Servers SHOULD return a strong entity tag (ETag header) in a PUT
response when the stored calendar object resource is equivalent by
octet equality to the calendar object resource submitted in the body
of the PUT request. This allows clients to reliably use the returned
strong entity tag for data synchronization purposes. For instance,
the client can do a PROPFIND request on the stored calendar object
resource and have the DAV:getetag property returned, and compare that
value with the strong entity tag it received on the PUT response, and
know that if they are equal, then the calendar object resource on the
server has not been changed.
In the case where the data stored by a server as a result of a PUT
request is not equivalent by octet equality to the submitted calendar
object resource, the behavior of the ETag response header is not
specified here, with the exception that a strong entity tag MUST NOT
be returned in the response. As a result, clients may need to
retrieve the modified calendar object resource (and ETag) as a basis
for further changes, rather than use the calendar object resource it
had sent with the PUT request.
6. Calendaring Access Control
6.1. Calendaring Privilege
CalDAV servers MUST support and adhere to the requirements of WebDAV
ACL [RFC3744]. WebDAV ACL provides a framework for an extensible set
of privileges that can be applied to WebDAV collections and ordinary
resources. CalDAV servers MUST also support the calendaring
privilege defined in this section.
6.1.1. CALDAV:read-free-busy Privilege
Calendar users often wish to allow other users to see their busy time
information, without viewing the other details of the calendar
components (e.g., location, summary, attendees). This allows a
significant amount of privacy while still allowing other users to
schedule meetings at times when the user is likely to be free.
The CALDAV:read-free-busy privilege controls which calendar
collections, regular collections, and calendar object resources are
examined when a CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT request is processed
(see Section 7.10). This privilege can be granted on calendar
collections, regular collections, or calendar object resources.
Servers MUST support this privilege on all calendar collections,
regular collections, and calendar object resources.
<!ELEMENT read-free-busy EMPTY>
The CALDAV:read-free-busy privilege MUST be aggregated in the DAV:
read privilege. Servers MUST allow the CALDAV:read-free-busy to be
granted without the DAV:read privilege being granted.
Clients should note that when only the CALDAV:read-free-busy
privilege has been granted on a resource, access to GET, HEAD,
OPTIONS, and PROPFIND on the resource is not implied (those
operations are governed by the DAV:read privilege).
6.2. Additional Principal Property
This section defines an additional property for WebDAV principal
resources, as defined in [RFC3744].
6.2.1. CALDAV:calendar-home-set Property
Name: calendar-home-set
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Identifies the URL of any WebDAV collections that contain
calendar collections owned by the associated principal resource.
Conformance: This property SHOULD be defined on a principal
resource. If defined, it MAY be protected and SHOULD NOT be
returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop request (as defined in Section
12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:calendar-home-set property is meant to allow
users to easily find the calendar collections owned by the
principal. Typically, users will group all the calendar
collections that they own under a common collection. This
property specifies the URL of collections that are either calendar
collections or ordinary collections that have child or descendant
calendar collections owned by the principal.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar-home-set (DAV:href*)>
Example:
<C:calendar-home-set xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/home/bernard/calendars/</D:href>
</C:calendar-home-set>
7. Calendaring Reports
This section defines the reports that CalDAV servers MUST support on
calendar collections and calendar object resources.
CalDAV servers MUST advertise support for these reports on all
calendar collections and calendar object resources with the DAV:
supported-report-set property, defined in Section 3.1.5 of [RFC3253].
CalDAV servers MAY also advertise support for these reports on
ordinary collections.
Some of these reports allow calendar data (from possibly multiple
resources) to be returned.
7.1. REPORT Method
The REPORT method (defined in Section 3.6 of [RFC3253]) provides an
extensible mechanism for obtaining information about one or more
resources. Unlike the PROPFIND method, which returns the value of
one or more named properties, the REPORT method can involve more
complex processing. REPORT is valuable in cases where the server has
access to all of the information needed to perform the complex
request (such as a query), and where it would require multiple
requests for the client to retrieve the information needed to perform
the same request.
CalDAV servers MUST support the DAV:expand-property REPORT defined in
Section 3.8 of [RFC3253].
7.2. Ordinary Collections
Servers MAY support the reports defined in this document on ordinary
collections (collections that are not calendar collections), in
addition to calendar collections or calendar object resources. In
computing responses to the reports on ordinary collections, servers
MUST only consider calendar object resources contained in calendar
collections that are targeted by the REPORT request, based on the
value of the Depth request header.
7.3. Date and Floating Time
iCalendar provides a way to specify DATE and DATE-TIME values that
are not bound to any time zone in particular, hereafter called
"floating date" and "floating time", respectively. These values are
used to represent the same day, hour, minute, and second value,
regardless of which time zone is being observed. For instance, the
DATE value "20051111", represents November 11, 2005 in no specific
time zone, while the DATE-TIME value "20051111T111100" represents
November 11, 2005, at 11:11 A.M. in no specific time zone.
CalDAV servers may need to convert "floating date" and "floating
time" values in date with UTC time values in the processing of
calendaring REPORT requests.
For the CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT, CalDAV servers MUST rely on the
value of the CALDAV:timezone XML element, if specified as part of the
request body, to perform the proper conversion of "floating date" and
"floating time" values to date with UTC time values. If the CALDAV:
timezone XML element is not specified in the request body, CalDAV
servers MUST rely on the value of the CALDAV:calendar-timezone
property, if defined, or else the CalDAV servers MAY rely on the time
zone of their choice.
For the CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT, CalDAV servers MUST rely on
the value of the CALDAV:calendar-timezone property, if defined, to
compute the proper FREEBUSY time period value as date with UTC time
for calendar components scheduled with "floating date" or "floating
time". If the CALDAV:calendar-timezone property is not defined,
CalDAV servers MAY rely on the time zone of their choice.
7.4. Time Range Filtering
Some of the reports defined in this section can include a time range
filter that is used to restrict the set of calendar object resources
returned to just those that overlap the specified time range. The
time range filter can be applied to a calendar component as a whole,
or to specific calendar component properties with DATE or DATE-TIME
value types.
To determine whether a calendar object resource matches the time
range filter element, the start and end times for the targeted
component or property are determined and then compared to the
requested time range. If there is an overlap with the requested time
range, then the calendar object resource matches the filter element.
The rules defined in [RFC2445] for determining the actual start and
end times of calendar components MUST be used, and these are fully
enumerated in Section 9.9 of this document.
When such time range filtering is used, special consideration must be
given to recurring calendar components, such as VEVENT and VTODO.
The server MUST expand recurring components to determine whether any
recurrence instances overlap the specified time range. If one or
more recurrence instances overlap the time range, then the calendar
object resource matches the filter element.
7.5. Searching Text: Collations
Some of the reports defined in this section do text matches of
character strings provided by the client and are compared to stored
calendar data. Since iCalendar data is, by default, encoded in the
UTF-8 charset and may include characters outside the US-ASCII charset
range in some property and parameter values, there is a need to
ensure that text matching follows well-defined rules.
To deal with this, this specification makes use of the IANA Collation
Registry defined in [RFC4790] to specify collations that may be used
to carry out the text comparison operations with a well-defined rule.
The comparisons used in CalDAV are all "substring" matches, as per
[RFC4790], Section 4.2. Collations supported by the server MUST
support "substring" match operations.
CalDAV servers are REQUIRED to support the "i;ascii-casemap" and
"i;octet" collations, as described in [RFC4790], and MAY support
other collations.
Servers MUST advertise the set of collations that they support via
the CALDAV:supported-collation-set property defined on any resource
that supports reports that use collations.
Clients MUST only use collations from the list advertised by the
server.
In the absence of a collation explicitly specified by the client, or
if the client specifies the "default" collation identifier (as
defined in [RFC4790], Section 3.1), the server MUST default to using
"i;ascii-casemap" as the collation.
Wildcards (as defined in [RFC4790], Section 3.2) MUST NOT be used in
the collation identifier.
If the client chooses a collation not supported by the server, the
server MUST respond with a CALDAV:supported-collation precondition
error response.
7.5.1. CALDAV:supported-collation-set Property
Name: supported-collation-set
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Identifies the set of collations supported by the server
for text matching operations.
Conformance: This property MUST be defined on any resource that
supports a report that does text matching. If defined, it MUST be
protected and SHOULD NOT be returned by a PROPFIND DAV:allprop
request (as defined in Section 12.14.1 of [RFC2518]).
Description: The CALDAV:supported-collation-set property contains
zero or more CALDAV:supported-collation elements, which specify
the collection identifiers of the collations supported by the
server.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT supported-collation-set (supported-collation*)>
<!ELEMENT supported-collation (#PCDATA)>
Example:
<C:supported-collation-set
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<C:supported-collation>i;ascii-casemap</C:supported-collation>
<C:supported-collation>i;octet</C:supported-collation>
</C:supported-collation-set>
7.6. Partial Retrieval
Some calendaring reports defined in this document allow partial
retrieval of calendar object resources. A CalDAV client can specify
what information to return in the body of a calendaring REPORT
request.
A CalDAV client can request particular WebDAV property values, all
WebDAV property values, or a list of the names of the resource's
WebDAV properties. A CalDAV client can also request calendar data to
be returned and specify whether all calendar components and
properties should be returned, or only particular ones. See CALDAV:
calendar-data in Section 9.6.
By default, the returned calendar data will include the component
that defines the recurrence set, referred to as the "master
component", as well as the components that define exceptions to the
recurrence set, referred to as the "overridden components".
A CalDAV client that is only interested in the recurrence instances
that overlap a specified time range can request to receive only the
"master component", along with the "overridden components" that
impact the specified time range, and thus, limit the data returned by
the server (see CALDAV:limit-recurrence-set in Section 9.6.6). An
overridden component impacts a time range if its current start and
end times overlap the time range, or if the original start and end
times -- the ones that would have been used if the instance were not
overridden -- overlap the time range, or if it affects other
instances that overlap the time range.
A CalDAV client with no support for recurrence properties (i.e.,
EXDATE, EXRULE, RDATE, and RRULE) and possibly VTIMEZONE components,
or a client unwilling to perform recurrence expansion because of
limited processing capability, can request to receive only the
recurrence instances that overlap a specified time range as separate
calendar components that each define exactly one recurrence instance
(see CALDAV:expand in Section 9.6.5.)
Finally, in the case of VFREEBUSY components, a CalDAV client can
request to receive only the FREEBUSY property values that overlap a
specified time range (see CALDAV:limit-freebusy-set in
Section 9.6.7.)
7.7. Non-Standard Components, Properties, and Parameters
Servers MUST support the use of non-standard component, property, or
parameter names in the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element in
calendaring REPORT requests to allow clients to request that non-
standard components, properties, and parameters be returned in the
calendar data provided in the response.
Servers MAY support the use of non-standard component, property, or
parameter names in the CALDAV:comp-filter, CALDAV:prop-filter, and
CALDAV:param-filter XML elements specified in the CALDAV:filter XML
element of calendaring REPORT requests.
Servers MUST fail with the CALDAV:supported-filter precondition if a
calendaring REPORT request uses a CALDAV:comp-filter, CALDAV:prop-
filter, or CALDAV:param-filter XML element that makes reference to a
non-standard component, property, or parameter name on which the
server does not support queries.
7.8. CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT
The CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT performs a search for all calendar
object resources that match a specified filter. The response of this
report will contain all the WebDAV properties and calendar object
resource data specified in the request. In the case of the CALDAV:
calendar-data XML element, one can explicitly specify the calendar
components and properties that should be returned in the calendar
object resource data that matches the filter.
The format of this report is modeled on the PROPFIND method. The
request and response bodies of the CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT use
XML elements that are also used by PROPFIND. In particular, the
request can include XML elements to request WebDAV properties to be
returned. When that occurs, the response should follow the same
behavior as PROPFIND with respect to the DAV:multistatus response
elements used to return specific property results. For instance, a
request to retrieve the value of a property that does not exist is an
error and MUST be noted with a response XML element that contains a
404 (Not Found) status value.
Support for the CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT is REQUIRED.
Marshalling:
The request body MUST be a CALDAV:calendar-query XML element, as
defined in Section 9.5.
The request MAY include a Depth header. If no Depth header is
included, Depth:0 is assumed.
The response body for a successful request MUST be a DAV:
multistatus XML element (i.e., the response uses the same format
as the response for PROPFIND). In the case where there are no
response elements, the returned DAV:multistatus XML element is
empty.
The response body for a successful CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT
request MUST contain a DAV:response element for each iCalendar
object that matched the search filter. Calendar data is being
returned in the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element inside the DAV:
propstat XML element.
Preconditions:
(CALDAV:supported-calendar-data): The attributes "content-type"
and "version" of the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element (see
Section 9.6) specify a media type supported by the server for
calendar object resources.
(CALDAV:valid-filter): The CALDAV:filter XML element (see
Section 9.7) specified in the REPORT request MUST be valid. For
instance, a CALDAV:filter cannot nest a <C:comp name="VEVENT">
element in a <C:comp name="VTODO"> element, and a CALDAV:filter
cannot nest a <C:time-range start="..." end="..."> element in a
<C:prop name="SUMMARY"> element.
(CALDAV:supported-filter): The CALDAV:comp-filter (see
Section 9.7.1), CALDAV:prop-filter (see Section 9.7.2), and
CALDAV:param-filter (see Section 9.7.3) XML elements used in the
CALDAV:filter XML element (see Section 9.7) in the REPORT request
only make reference to components, properties, and parameters for
which queries are supported by the server, i.e., if the CALDAV:
filter element attempts to reference an unsupported component,
property, or parameter, this precondition is violated. Servers
SHOULD report the CALDAV:comp-filter, CALDAV:prop-filter, or
CALDAV:param-filter for which it does not provide support.
<!ELEMENT supported-filter (comp-filter*,
prop-filter*,
param-filter*)>
(CALDAV:valid-calendar-data): The time zone specified in the
REPORT request MUST be a valid iCalendar object containing a
single valid VTIMEZONE component.
(CALDAV:min-date-time): Any XML element specifying a range of time
MUST have its start or end DATE or DATE-TIME values greater than
or equal to the value of the CALDAV:min-date-time property value
(Section 5.2.6) on the calendar collections being targeted by the
REPORT request;
(CALDAV:max-date-time): Any XML element specifying a range of time
MUST have its start or end DATE or DATE-TIME values less than or
equal to the value of the CALDAV:max-date-time property value
(Section 5.2.7) on the calendar collections being targeted by the
REPORT request;
(CALDAV:supported-collation): Any XML attribute specifying a
collation MUST specify a collation supported by the server as
described in Section 7.5.
Postconditions:
(DAV:number-of-matches-within-limits): The number of matching
calendar object resources must fall within server-specific,
predefined limits. For example, this condition might be triggered
if a search specification would cause the return of an extremely
large number of responses.
7.8.1. Example: Partial Retrieval of Events by Time Range
In this example, the client requests the server to return specific
components and properties of the VEVENT components that overlap the
time range from January 4, 2006, at 00:00:00 A.M. UTC to January 5,
2006, at 00:00:00 A.M. UTC. In addition, the DAV:getetag property is
also requested and returned as part of the response. Note that the
first calendar object returned is a recurring event whose first
instance lies outside the requested time range, but whose third
instance does overlap the time range. Note that due to the CALDAV:
calendar-data element restrictions, the DTSTAMP property in VEVENT
components has not been returned, and the only property returned in
the VCALENDAR object is VERSION.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data>
<C:comp name="VCALENDAR">
<C:prop name="VERSION"/>
<C:comp name="VEVENT">
<C:prop name="SUMMARY"/>
<C:prop name="UID"/>
<C:prop name="DTSTART"/>
<C:prop name="DTEND"/>
<C:prop name="DURATION"/>
<C:prop name="RRULE"/>
<C:prop name="RDATE"/>
<C:prop name="EXRULE"/>
<C:prop name="EXDATE"/>
<C:prop name="RECURRENCE-ID"/>
</C:comp>
<C:comp name="VTIMEZONE"/>
</C:comp>
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:time-range start="20060104T000000Z"
end="20060105T000000Z"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd2.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd2"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T120000
DURATION:PT1H
RRULE:FREQ=DAILY;COUNT=5
SUMMARY:Event #2
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T140000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T120000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060106T140000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=US/Eastern:20060106T120000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T100000
DURATION:PT1H
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.2. Example: Partial Retrieval of Recurring Events
In this example, the client requests the server to return VEVENT
components that overlap the time range from January 3, 2006, at 00:
00:00 A.M. UTC to January 5, 2006, at 00:00:00 A.M. UTC. Use of the
CALDAV:limit-recurrence-set element causes the server to only return
overridden recurrence components that overlap the time range
specified in that element or that affect other instances that overlap
the time range (e.g., in the case of a THISANDFUTURE behavior). In
this example, the first overridden component in the matching resource
is returned, but the second one is not.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<C:calendar-data>
<C:limit-recurrence-set start="20060103T000000Z"
end="20060105T000000Z"/>
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:time-range start="20060103T000000Z"
end="20060105T000000Z"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd2.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd2"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T120000
DURATION:PT1H
RRULE:FREQ=DAILY;COUNT=5
SUMMARY:Event #2
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T140000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T120000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:cyrus@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=NEEDS-ACTION:mailto:lisa@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060206T001220Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T100000
DURATION:PT1H
LAST-MODIFIED:20060206T001330Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:cyrus@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:TENTATIVE
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
X-ABC-GUID:E1CX5Dr-0007ym-Hz@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.3. Example: Expanded Retrieval of Recurring Events
In this example, the client requests the server to return VEVENT
components that overlap the time range from January 2, 2006, at 00:
00:00 A.M. UTC to January 5, 2006, at 00:00:00 A.M. UTC and to return
recurring calendar components expanded into individual recurrence
instance calendar components. Use of the CALDAV:expand element
causes the server to only return overridden recurrence instances that
overlap the time range specified in that element.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<C:calendar-data>
<C:expand start="20060103T000000Z"
end="20060105T000000Z"/>
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:time-range start="20060103T000000Z"
end="20060105T000000Z"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd2.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd2"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART:20060103T170000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID:20060103T170000
SUMMARY:Event #2
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART:20060104T190000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID:20060104T170000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:cyrus@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=NEEDS-ACTION:mailto:lisa@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060206T001220Z
DTSTART:20060104T150000
DURATION:PT1H
LAST-MODIFIED:20060206T001330Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:cyrus@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:TENTATIVE
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
X-ABC-GUID:E1CX5Dr-0007ym-Hz@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.4. Example: Partial Retrieval of Stored Free Busy Components
In this example, the client requests the server to return the
VFREEBUSY components that have free busy information that overlap the
time range from January 2, 2006, at 00:00:00 A.M. UTC (inclusively)
to January 3, 2006, at 00:00:00 A.M. UTC (exclusively). Use of the
CALDAV:limit-freebusy-set element causes the server to only return
the FREEBUSY property values that overlap the time range specified in
that element. Note that this is not an example of discovering when
the calendar owner is busy.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<C:calendar-data>
<C:limit-freebusy-set start="20060102T000000Z"
end="20060103T000000Z"/>
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VFREEBUSY">
<C:time-range start="20060102T000000Z"
end="20060103T000000Z"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd8.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd8"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ORGANIZER;CN="Bernard Desruisseaux":mailto:bernard@example.com
UID:76ef34-54a3d2@example.com
DTSTAMP:20050530T123421Z
DTSTART:20060101T100000Z
DTEND:20060108T100000Z
FREEBUSY;FBTYPE=BUSY-TENTATIVE:20060102T100000Z/20060102T120000Z
END:VFREEBUSY
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.5. Example: Retrieval of To-Dos by Alarm Time Range
In this example, the client requests the server to return the VTODO
components that have an alarm trigger scheduled in the specified time
range.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VTODO">
<C:comp-filter name="VALARM">
<C:time-range start="20060106T100000Z"
end="20060107T100000Z"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd4.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd4"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
DTSTAMP:20060205T235300Z
DUE;TZID=US/Eastern:20060106T120000
LAST-MODIFIED:20060205T235308Z
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
SUMMARY:Task #2
UID:E10BA47467C5C69BB74E8720@example.com
BEGIN:VALARM
ACTION:AUDIO
TRIGGER;RELATED=START:-PT10M
END:VALARM
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.6. Example: Retrieval of Event by UID
In this example, the client requests the server to return the VEVENT
component that has the UID property set to
"DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com".
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:prop-filter name="UID">
<C:text-match collation="i;octet"
>DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com</C:text-match>
</C:prop-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:cyrus@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=NEEDS-ACTION:mailto:lisa@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060206T001220Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T100000
DURATION:PT1H
LAST-MODIFIED:20060206T001330Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:cyrus@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:TENTATIVE
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
X-ABC-GUID:E1CX5Dr-0007ym-Hz@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.7. Example: Retrieval of Events by PARTSTAT
In this example, the client requests the server to return the VEVENT
components that have the ATTENDEE property with the value
"mailto:lisa@example.com" and for which the PARTSTAT parameter is set
to NEEDS-ACTION.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:prop-filter name="ATTENDEE">
<C:text-match collation="i;ascii-casemap"
>mailto:lisa@example.com</C:text-match>
<C:param-filter name="PARTSTAT">
<C:text-match collation="i;ascii-casemap"
>NEEDS-ACTION</C:text-match>
</C:param-filter>
</C:prop-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:cyrus@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=NEEDS-ACTION:mailto:lisa@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060206T001220Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T100000
DURATION:PT1H
LAST-MODIFIED:20060206T001330Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:cyrus@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:TENTATIVE
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
X-ABC-GUID:E1CX5Dr-0007ym-Hz@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.8. Example: Retrieval of Events Only
In this example, the client requests the server to return all VEVENT
components.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd1.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd1"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001102Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T100000
DURATION:PT1H
SUMMARY:Event #1
Description:Go Steelers!
UID:74855313FA803DA593CD579A@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd2.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd2"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T120000
DURATION:PT1H
RRULE:FREQ=DAILY;COUNT=5
SUMMARY:Event #2
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T140000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T120000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060106T140000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=US/Eastern:20060106T120000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:cyrus@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=NEEDS-ACTION:mailto:lisa@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060206T001220Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T100000
DURATION:PT1H
LAST-MODIFIED:20060206T001330Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:cyrus@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:TENTATIVE
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
X-ABC-GUID:E1CX5Dr-0007ym-Hz@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.9. Example: Retrieval of All Pending To-Dos
In this example, the client requests the server to return all VTODO
components that do not include a COMPLETED property and do not have a
STATUS property value matching CANCELLED, i.e., VTODOs that still
need to be worked on.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VTODO">
<C:prop-filter name="COMPLETED">
<C:is-not-defined/>
</C:prop-filter>
<C:prop-filter name="STATUS">
<C:text-match
negate-condition="yes">CANCELLED</C:text-match>
</C:prop-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd4.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd4"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
DTSTAMP:20060205T235335Z
DUE;VALUE=DATE:20060104
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
SUMMARY:Task #1
UID:DDDEEB7915FA61233B861457@example.com
BEGIN:VALARM
ACTION:AUDIO
TRIGGER;RELATED=START:-PT10M
END:VALARM
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd5.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd5"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
DTSTAMP:20060205T235300Z
DUE;VALUE=DATE:20060106
LAST-MODIFIED:20060205T235308Z
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
SUMMARY:Task #2
UID:E10BA47467C5C69BB74E8720@example.com
BEGIN:VALARM
ACTION:AUDIO
TRIGGER;RELATED=START:-PT10M
END:VALARM
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.8.10. Example: Attempt to Query Unsupported Property
In this example, the client requests the server to return all VEVENT
components that include an X-ABC-GUID property with a value matching
"ABC". However, the server does not support querying that non-
standard property, and instead returns an error response.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:prop-filter name="X-ABC-GUID">
<C:text-match>ABC</C:text-match>
</C:prop-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2005 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:error>
<C:supported-filter>
<C:prop-filter name="X-ABC-GUID"/>
</C:supported-filter>
</D:error>
7.9. CALDAV:calendar-multiget REPORT
The CALDAV:calendar-multiget REPORT is used to retrieve specific
calendar object resources from within a collection, if the Request-
URI is a collection, or to retrieve a specific calendar object
resource, if the Request-URI is a calendar object resource. This
report is similar to the CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT (see
Section 7.8), except that it takes a list of DAV:href elements,
instead of a CALDAV:filter element, to determine which calendar
object resources to return.
Support for the CALDAV:calendar-multiget REPORT is REQUIRED.
Marshalling:
The request body MUST be a CALDAV:calendar-multiget XML element
(see Section 9.10). If the Request-URI is a collection resource,
then the DAV:href elements MUST refer to calendar object resources
within that collection, and they MAY refer to calendar object
resources at any depth within the collection. As a result, the
"Depth" header MUST be ignored by the server and SHOULD NOT be
sent by the client. If the Request-URI refers to a non-collection
resource, then there MUST be a single DAV:href element that is
equivalent to the Request-URI.
The response body for a successful request MUST be a DAV:
multistatus XML element.
The response body for a successful CALDAV:calendar-multiget REPORT
request MUST contain a DAV:response element for each calendar
object resource referenced by the provided set of DAV:href
elements. Calendar data is being returned in the CALDAV:calendar-
data element inside the DAV:prop element.
In the case of an error accessing any of the provided DAV:href
resources, the server MUST return the appropriate error status
code in the DAV:status element of the corresponding DAV:response
element.
Preconditions:
(CALDAV:supported-calendar-data): The attributes "content-type"
and "version" of the CALDAV:calendar-data XML elements (see
Section 9.6) specify a media type supported by the server for
calendar object resources.
(CALDAV:min-date-time): Any XML element specifying a range of time
MUST have its start or end DATE or DATE-TIME values greater than
or equal to the value of the CALDAV:min-date-time property value
(Section 5.2.6) on the calendar collections being targeted by the
REPORT request;
(CALDAV:max-date-time): Any XML element specifying a range of time
MUST have its start or end DATE or DATE-TIME values less than or
equal to the value of the CALDAV:max-date-time property value
(Section 5.2.7) on the calendar collections being targeted by the
REPORT request;
Postconditions:
None.
7.9.1. Example: Successful CALDAV:calendar-multiget REPORT
In this example, the client requests the server to return specific
properties of the VEVENT components referenced by specific URIs. In
addition, the DAV:getetag property is also requested and returned as
part of the response. Note that in this example, the resource at
http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/mtg1.ics does not exist,
resulting in an error status response.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-multiget xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<D:href>/bernard/work/abcd1.ics</D:href>
<D:href>/bernard/work/mtg1.ics</D:href>
</C:calendar-multiget>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd1.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd1"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001102Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T100000
DURATION:PT1H
SUMMARY:Event #1
Description:Go Steelers!
UID:74855313FA803DA593CD579A@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/mtg1.ics</D:href>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found</D:status>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
7.10. CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT
The CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT generates a VFREEBUSY component
containing free busy information for all the calendar object
resources targeted by the request and that have the CALDAV:read-free-
busy or DAV:read privilege granted to the current user.
Only VEVENT components without a TRANSP property or with the TRANSP
property set to OPAQUE, and VFREEBUSY components SHOULD be considered
in generating the free busy time information.
In the case of VEVENT components, the free or busy time type (FBTYPE)
of the FREEBUSY properties in the returned VFREEBUSY component SHOULD
be derived from the value of the TRANSP and STATUS properties, as
outlined in the table below:
+---------------------------++------------------+
| VEVENT || VFREEBUSY |
+-------------+-------------++------------------+
| TRANSP | STATUS || FBTYPE |
+=============+=============++==================+
| | CONFIRMED || BUSY |
| | (default) || |
| OPAQUE +-------------++------------------+
| (default) | CANCELLED || FREE |
| +-------------++------------------+
| | TENTATIVE || BUSY-TENTATIVE |
| +-------------++------------------+
| | x-name || BUSY or |
| | || x-name |
+-------------+-------------++------------------+
| | CONFIRMED || |
| TRANSPARENT | CANCELLED || FREE |
| | TENTATIVE || |
| | x-name || |
+-------------+-------------++------------------+
Duplicate busy time periods with the same FBTYPE parameter value
SHOULD NOT be specified in the returned VFREEBUSY component. Servers
SHOULD coalesce consecutive or overlapping busy time periods of the
same type. Busy time periods with different FBTYPE parameter values
MAY overlap.
Support for the CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT is REQUIRED.
Marshalling:
The request body MUST be a CALDAV:free-busy-query XML element (see
Section 9.11), which MUST contain exactly one CALDAV:time-range
XML element, as defined in Section 9.9.
The request MAY include a Depth header. If no Depth header is
included, Depth:0 is assumed.
The response body for a successful request MUST be an iCalendar
object that contains exactly one VFREEBUSY component that
describes the busy time intervals for the calendar object
resources containing VEVENT, or VFREEBUSY components that satisfy
the Depth value and for which the current user is at least granted
the CALDAV:read-free-busy privilege. If no calendar object
resources are found to satisfy these conditions, a VFREEBUSY
component with no FREEBUSY property MUST be returned. This report
only returns busy time information. Free time information can be
inferred from the returned busy time information.
If the current user is not granted the CALDAV:read-free-busy or
DAV:read privileges on the Request-URI, the CALDAV:free-busy-query
REPORT request MUST fail and return a 404 (Not Found) status
value. This restriction will prevent users from discovering URLs
of resources for which they are only granted the CALDAV:read-free-
busy privilege.
The CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT request can only be run against
a collection (either a regular collection or a calendar
collection). An attempt to run the report on a calendar object
resource MUST fail and return a 403 (Forbidden) status value.
Preconditions:
None.
Postconditions:
(DAV:number-of-matches-within-limits): The number of matching
calendar object resources must fall within server-specific,
predefined limits. For example, this postcondition might fail if
the specified CALDAV:time-range would cause an extremely large
number of calendar object resources to be considered in computing
the response.
7.10.1. Example: Successful CALDAV:free-busy-query REPORT
In this example, the client requests the server to return free busy
information on the calendar collection /bernard/work/, between 9:00
A.M. and 5:00 P.M. EST (2:00 P.M. and 10:00 P.M. UTC) on the January
4, 2006. The server responds, indicating two busy time intervals of
one hour, one of which is tentative.
See Appendix B for the calendar data being targeted by this example.
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:free-busy-query xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<C:time-range start="20060104T140000Z"
end="20060105T220000Z"/>
</C:free-busy-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 11 Nov 2006 09:32:12 GMT
Content-Type: text/calendar
Content-Length: xxxx
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Server//EN
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
DTSTAMP:20050125T090000Z
DTSTART:20060104T140000Z
DTEND:20060105T220000Z
FREEBUSY;FBTYPE=BUSY-TENTATIVE:20060104T150000Z/PT1H
FREEBUSY:20060104T190000Z/PT1H
END:VFREEBUSY
END:VCALENDAR
8. Guidelines
8.1. Client-to-Client Interoperability
There are a number of actions clients can take that will be legal
(the server will not return errors), but that can degrade
interoperability with other client implementations accessing the same
data. For example, a recurrence rule could be replaced with a set of
recurrence dates, a single recurring event could be replaced with a
set of independent resources to represent each recurrence, or the
start/end time values can be translated from the original time zone
to another time zone. Although this advice amounts to iCalendar
interoperability best practices and is not limited only to CalDAV
usage, interoperability problems are likely to be more evident in
CalDAV use cases.
8.2. Synchronization Operations
WebDAV already provides functionality required to synchronize a
collection or set of collections, to make changes offline, and
provides a simple way to resolve conflicts when reconnected. ETags
are the key to making this work, but these are not required of all
WebDAV servers. Since offline functionality is more important to
calendar applications than to some other WebDAV applications, CalDAV
servers MUST support ETags, as specified in Section 5.3.4.
8.2.1. Use of Reports
8.2.1.1. Restrict the Time Range
The reports provided in CalDAV can be used by clients to optimize
their performance in terms of network bandwidth usage and resource
consumption on the local client machine. Both are certainly major
considerations for mobile or handheld devices with limited capacity,
but they are also relevant to desktop client applications in cases
where the calendar collections contain large amounts of data.
Typically, clients present calendar data to users in views that span
a finite time interval, so whenever possible, clients should only
retrieve calendar components from the server using CALDAV:calendar-
query REPORT, combined with a CALDAV:time-range element, to limit the
set of returned components to just those needed to populate the
current view.
8.2.1.2. Synchronize by Time Range
Typically in a calendar, historical data (events, to-dos, etc. that
have completed prior to the current date) do not change, though they
may be deleted. As a result, a client can speed up the
synchronization process by only considering data for the present time
and the future up to a reasonable limit (e.g., one week, one month).
If the user then tries to examine a portion of the calendar outside
the range that has been synchronized, the client can perform another
synchronization operation on the new time interval being examined.
This "just-in-time" synchronization can minimize bandwidth for common
user interaction behaviors.
8.2.1.3. Synchronization Process
If a client wants to support calendar data synchronization, as
opposed to downloading calendar data each time it is needed, the
client needs to cache the calendar object resource's URI and ETag,
along with the actual calendar data. While the URI remains static
for the lifetime of the calendar object resource, the ETag will
change with each successive change to the calendar object resource.
Thus, to synchronize a local data cache with the server, the client
can first fetch the URI/ETag pairs for the time interval being
considered, and compare those results with the cached data. Any
cached component whose ETag differs from that on the server needs to
be refreshed.
In order to properly detect the changes between the server and client
data, the client will need to keep a record of which calendar object
resources have been created, changed, or deleted since the last
synchronization operation so that it can reconcile those changes with
the data on the server.
Here's an example of how to do that:
The client issues a CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT request for a
specific time range and asks for only the DAV:getetag property to be
returned:
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<D:getetag/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR">
<C:comp-filter name="VEVENT">
<C:time-range start="20040902T000000Z"
end="20040903T000000Z"/>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:comp-filter>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
The client then uses the results to determine which calendar object
resources have changed, been created, or deleted on the server, and
how those relate to locally cached calendar object resources that may
have changed, been created, or deleted. If the client determines
that there are calendar object resources on the server that need to
be fetched, the client issues a CALDAV:calendar-multiget REPORT
request to fetch its calendar data:
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-multiget xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<D:href>/bernard/work/abcd1.ics</D:href>
<D:href>/bernard/work/mtg1.ics</D:href>
</C:calendar-multiget>
8.2.2. Restrict the Properties Returned
A client may not need all the calendar properties of a calendar
object resource when presenting information to the user. Since some
calendar property values can be large (e.g., ATTACH or ATTENDEE), a
client can choose to restrict the calendar properties to be returned
in a calendaring REPORT request to those it knows it will use.
However, if a client needs to make a change to a calendar object
resource, it can only change the entire calendar object resource via
a PUT request. There is currently no way to incrementally make a
change to a set of calendar properties of a calendar object resource.
As a result, the client will have to get the entire calendar object
resource that is being changed.
8.3. Use of Locking
WebDAV locks can be used to prevent two clients that are modifying
the same resource from either overwriting each others' changes
(though that problem can also be solved by using ETags) or wasting
time making changes that will conflict with another set of changes.
In a multi-user calendar system, an interactive calendar client could
lock an event while the user is editing the event, and unlock the
event when the user finishes or cancels. Locks can also be used to
prevent changes while data is being reorganized. For example, a
calendar client might lock two calendar collections prior to moving a
bunch of calendar resources from one to another.
Clients are responsible for requesting a lock timeout period that is
appropriate to the use case. When the user explicitly decides to
reserve a resource and prevent other changes, a long timeout might be
appropriate, but in cases where the client automatically decides to
lock the resource, the timeout should be short (and the client can
always refresh the lock should it need to). A short lock timeout
means that if the client is unable to remove the lock, the other
calendar users aren't prevented from making changes.
8.4. Finding Calendars
Much of the time, a calendar client (or agent) will discover a new
calendar's location by being provided directly with the URL. For
example, a user will type his or her own calendar location into
client configuration information or copy and paste a URL from email
into the calendar application. The client need only confirm that the
URL points to a resource that is a calendar collection. The client
may also be able to browse WebDAV collections to find calendar
collections.
The choice of HTTP URLs means that calendar object resources are
backward compatible with existing software, but does have the
disadvantage that existing software does not usually know to look at
the OPTIONS response to that URL to determine what can be done with
it. This is somewhat of a barrier for WebDAV usage as well as with
CalDAV usage. This specification does not offer a way through this
other than making the information available in the OPTIONS response
should this be requested.
For calendar sharing and scheduling use cases, one might wish to find
the calendar belonging to another user. If the other user has a
calendar in the same repository, that calendar can be found by using
the principal namespace required by WebDAV ACL support. For other
cases, the authors have no universal solution, but implementers can
consider whether to use vCard [RFC2426] or LDAP [RFC4511] standards
together with calendar attributes [RFC2739].
Because CalDAV requires servers to support WebDAV ACL [RFC3744],
including principal namespaces, and with the addition of the CALDAV:
calendar-home-set property, there are a couple options for CalDAV
clients to find one's own calendar or another user's calendar.
In this case, a DAV:principal-match REPORT is used to find a named
property (the CALDAV:calendar-home-set) on the Principal-URL of the
current user. Using this, a WebDAV client can learn "who am I" and
"where are my calendars". The REPORT request body looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:principal-match xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:self/>
<D:prop>
<C:calendar-home-set
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"/>
</D:prop>
</D:principal-match>
To find other users' calendars, the DAV:principal-property-search
REPORT can be used to filter on some properties and return others.
To search for a calendar owned by a user named "Laurie", the REPORT
request body would look like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:principal-property-search xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:property-search>
<D:prop>
<D:displayname/>
</D:prop>
<D:match>Laurie</D:match>
</D:property-search>
<D:prop>
<C:calendar-home-set
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"/>
<D:displayname/>
</D:prop>
</D:principal-property-search>
The server performs a case-sensitive or caseless search for a
matching string subset of "Laurie" within the DAV:displayname
property. Thus, the server might return "Laurie Dusseault", "Laurier
Desruisseaux", or "Wilfrid Laurier" as matching DAV:displayname
values, and return the calendars for each of these.
8.5. Storing and Using Attachments
CalDAV clients MAY create attachments in calendar components either
as inline or external. This section contains some guidelines for
creating and managing attachments.
8.5.1. Inline Attachments
CalDAV clients MUST support inline attachments as specified in
iCalendar [RFC2445]. CalDAV servers MUST support inline attachments,
so clients can rely on being able to create attachments this way. On
the other hand, inline attachments have some drawbacks:
o Servers MAY impose limitations on the size of calendar object
resources (i.e., refusing PUT requests of very large iCalendar
objects). Servers that impose such limitations MUST use the
CALDAV:max-resource-size property on a calendar collection to
inform the client as to what the limitation is (see
Section 5.2.5).
o Servers MAY impose storage quota limitations on calendar
collections (See [RFC4331]).
o Any change to a calendar object resource containing an inline
attachment requires the entire inline attachment to be re-
uploaded.
o Clients synchronizing a changed calendar object resource have to
download the entire calendar object resource, even if the
attachment is unchanged.
8.5.2. External Attachments
CalDAV clients SHOULD support downloading of external attachments
referenced by arbitrary URI schemes, by either processing them
directly, or by passing the attachment URI to a suitable "helper
application" for processing, if such an application exists. CalDAV
clients MUST support downloading of external attachments referenced
by the "http" or "https" URI schemes. An external attachment could
be:
o In a collection in the calendar collection containing the calendar
object resource;
o Somewhere else in the same repository that hosts the calendar
collection; or
o On an HTTP or FTP server elsewhere.
CalDAV servers MAY provide support for child collections in calendar
collections. CalDAV servers MAY allow the MKCOL method to create
child collections in calendar collections. Child collections of
calendar collections MAY contain any type of resource except calendar
collections that they MUST NOT contain. Some CalDAV servers won't
allow child collections in calendar collections, and it may be
possible on such a server to discover other locations where
attachments can be stored.
Clients are entirely responsible for maintaining reference
consistency with calendar components that link to external
attachments. A client deleting a calendar component with an external
attachment might therefore also delete the attachment if that's
appropriate; however, appropriateness can be very hard to determine.
A new component might easily reference some pre-existing Web resource
that is intended to have independent existence from the calendar
component (the "attachment" could be a major proposal to be discussed
in a meeting, for instance). Best practices will probably emerge and
should probably be documented, but for now, clients should be wary of
engaging in aggressive "cleanup" of external attachments. A client
could involve the user in making decisions about removing
unreferenced documents, or a client could be conservative in only
deleting attachments it had created.
Also, clients are responsible for consistency of permissions when
using external attachments. One reason for servers to support the
storage of attachments within child collections of calendar
collections is that ACL inheritance might make it easier to grant the
same permissions to attachments that are granted on the calendar
collection. Otherwise, it can be very difficult to keep permissions
synchronized. With attachments stored on separate repositories, it
can be impossible to keep permissions consistent -- the two
repositories may not support the same permissions or have the same
set of principals. Some systems have used tickets or other anonymous
access control mechanisms to provide partially satisfactory solutions
to these kinds of problems.
8.6. Storing and Using Alarms
Note that all CalDAV calendar collections (including those the user
might treat as public or group calendars) can contain alarm
information on events and to-dos. Users can synchronize a calendar
between multiple devices and decide to have alarms execute on a
different device than the device that created the alarm. Not all
alarm action types are completely interoperable (e.g., those that
name a sound file to play).
When the action is AUDIO and the client is configured to execute
the alarm, the client SHOULD play the suggested sound if it's
available or play another sound, but SHOULD NOT rewrite the alarm
just to replace the suggested sound with a sound that's locally
available.
When the action is DISPLAY and the client is configured to execute
the alarm, the client SHOULD execute a display alarm by displaying
according to the suggested description or some reasonable
replacement, but SHOULD NOT rewrite the alarm for its own
convenience.
When the action is EMAIL and the client is incapable of sending
email, it SHOULD ignore the alarm, but it MUST continue to
synchronize the alarm itself.
This specification makes no recommendations about executing alarms
of type PROCEDURE, except to note that clients are advised to take
care to avoid creating security holes by executing these.
Non-interoperable alarm information (e.g., should somebody define a
color to be used in a display alarm) should be put in non-standard
properties inside the VALARM component in order to keep the basic
alarm usable on all devices.
Clients that allow changes to calendar object resources MUST
synchronize the alarm data that already exists in the resources.
Clients MAY execute alarms that are downloaded in this fashion,
possibly based on user preference. If a client is only doing read
operations on a calendar and there is no risk of losing alarm
information, then the client MAY discard alarm information.
This specification makes no attempt to provide multi-user alarms on
group calendars or to find out for whom an alarm is intended.
Addressing those issues might require extensions to iCalendar; for
example, to store alarms per-user, or to indicate for which user a
VALARM was intended. In the meantime, clients might maximize
interoperability by generally not uploading alarm information to
public, group, or resource calendars.
9. XML Element Definitions
9.1. CALDAV:calendar XML Element
Name: calendar
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies the resource type of a calendar collection.
Description: See Section 4.2.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar EMPTY>
9.2. CALDAV:mkcalendar XML Element
Name: mkcalendar
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a request that includes the WebDAV property
values to be set for a calendar collection resource when it is
created.
Description: See Section 5.3.1.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT mkcalendar (DAV:set)>
9.3. CALDAV:mkcalendar-response XML Element
Name: mkcalendar-response
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a response body for a successful MKCALENDAR
request.
Description: See Section 5.3.1.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT mkcalendar-response ANY>
9.4. CALDAV:supported-collation XML Element
Name: supported-collation
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Identifies a single collation via its collation identifier,
as defined by [RFC4790].
Description: The CALDAV:supported-collation contains the text of a
collation identifier, as described in Section 7.5.1.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT supported-collation (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: collation identifier
9.5. CALDAV:calendar-query XML Element
Name: calendar-query
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Defines a report for querying calendar object resources.
Description: See Section 7.8.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar-query ((DAV:allprop |
DAV:propname |
DAV:prop)?, filter, timezone?)>
9.6. CALDAV:calendar-data XML Element
Name: calendar-data
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specified one of the following:
1. A supported media type for calendar object resources when
nested in the CALDAV:supported-calendar-data property;
2. The parts of a calendar object resource should be returned by
a calendaring report;
3. The content of a calendar object resource in a response to a
calendaring report.
Description: When nested in the CALDAV:supported-calendar-data
property, the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element specifies a media
type supported by the CalDAV server for calendar object resources.
When used in a calendaring REPORT request, the CALDAV:calendar-
data XML element specifies which parts of calendar object
resources need to be returned in the response. If the CALDAV:
calendar-data XML element doesn't contain any CALDAV:comp element,
calendar object resources will be returned in their entirety.
Finally, when used in a calendaring REPORT response, the CALDAV:
calendar-data XML element specifies the content of a calendar
object resource. Given that XML parsers normalize the two-
character sequence CRLF (US-ASCII decimal 13 and US-ASCII decimal
10) to a single LF character (US-ASCII decimal 10), the CR
character (US-ASCII decimal 13) MAY be omitted in calendar object
resources specified in the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element.
Furthermore, calendar object resources specified in the CALDAV:
calendar-data XML element MAY be invalid per their media type
specification if the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element part of the
calendaring REPORT request did not specify required properties
(e.g., UID, DTSTAMP, etc.), or specified a CALDAV:prop XML element
with the "novalue" attribute set to "yes".
Note: The CALDAV:calendar-data XML element is specified in requests
and responses inside the DAV:prop XML element as if it were a
WebDAV property. However, the CALDAV:calendar-data XML element is
not a WebDAV property and, as such, is not returned in PROPFIND
responses, nor used in PROPPATCH requests.
Note: The iCalendar data embedded within the CALDAV:calendar-data
XML element MUST follow the standard XML character data encoding
rules, including use of <, >, & etc. entity encoding or
the use of a <![CDATA[ ... ]]> construct. In the later case, the
iCalendar data cannot contain the character sequence "]]>", which
is the end delimiter for the CDATA section.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar-data EMPTY>
when nested in the CALDAV:supported-calendar-data property
to specify a supported media type for calendar object
resources;
<!ELEMENT calendar-data (comp?,
(expand | limit-recurrence-set)?,
limit-freebusy-set?)>
when nested in the DAV:prop XML element in a calendaring
REPORT request to specify which parts of calendar object
resources should be returned in the response;
<!ELEMENT calendar-data (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: iCalendar object
when nested in the DAV:prop XML element in a calendaring
REPORT response to specify the content of a returned
calendar object resource.
<!ATTLIST calendar-data content-type CDATA "text/calendar"
version CDATA "2.0">
content-type value: a MIME media type
version value: a version string
attributes can be used on all three variants of the
CALDAV:calendar-data XML element.
9.6.1. CALDAV:comp XML Element
Name: comp
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Defines which component types to return.
Description: The name value is a calendar component name (e.g.,
VEVENT).
Definition:
<!ELEMENT comp ((allprop | prop*), (allcomp | comp*))>
<!ATTLIST comp name CDATA #REQUIRED>
name value: a calendar component name
Note: The CALDAV:prop and CALDAV:allprop elements have the same name
as the DAV:prop and DAV:allprop elements defined in [RFC2518].
However, the CALDAV:prop and CALDAV:allprop elements are defined
in the "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav" namespace instead of the
"DAV:" namespace.
9.6.2. CALDAV:allcomp XML Element
Name: allcomp
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies that all components shall be returned.
Description: The CALDAV:allcomp XML element can be used when the
client wants all types of components returned by a calendaring
REPORT request.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT allcomp EMPTY>
9.6.3. CALDAV:allprop XML Element
Name: allprop
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies that all properties shall be returned.
Description: The CALDAV:allprop XML element can be used when the
client wants all properties of components returned by a
calendaring REPORT request.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT allprop EMPTY>
Note: The CALDAV:allprop element has the same name as the DAV:
allprop element defined in [RFC2518]. However, the CALDAV:allprop
element is defined in the "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav"
namespace instead of the "DAV:" namespace.
9.6.4. CALDAV:prop XML Element
Name: prop
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Defines which properties to return in the response.
Description: The "name" attribute specifies the name of the calendar
property to return (e.g., ATTENDEE). The "novalue" attribute can
be used by clients to request that the actual value of the
property not be returned (if the "novalue" attribute is set to
"yes"). In that case, the server will return just the iCalendar
property name and any iCalendar parameters and a trailing ":"
without the subsequent value data.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT prop EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST prop name CDATA #REQUIRED
novalue (yes | no) "no">
name value: a calendar property name
novalue value: "yes" or "no"
Note: The CALDAV:prop element has the same name as the DAV:prop
element defined in [RFC2518]. However, the CALDAV:prop element is
defined in the "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav" namespace instead
of the "DAV:" namespace.
9.6.5. CALDAV:expand XML Element
Name: expand
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Forces the server to expand recurring components into
individual recurrence instances.
Description: The CALDAV:expand XML element specifies that for a
given calendaring REPORT request, the server MUST expand the
recurrence set into calendar components that define exactly one
recurrence instance, and MUST return only those whose scheduled
time intersect a specified time range.
The "start" attribute specifies the inclusive start of the time
range, and the "end" attribute specifies the non-inclusive end of
the time range. Both attributes are specified as date with UTC
time value. The value of the "end" attribute MUST be greater than
the value of the "start" attribute.
The server MUST use the same logic as defined for CALDAV:time-
range to determine if a recurrence instance intersects the
specified time range.
Recurring components, other than the initial instance, MUST
include a RECURRENCE-ID property indicating which instance they
refer to.
The returned calendar components MUST NOT use recurrence
properties (i.e., EXDATE, EXRULE, RDATE, and RRULE) and MUST NOT
have reference to or include VTIMEZONE components. Date and local
time with reference to time zone information MUST be converted
into date with UTC time.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT expand EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST expand start CDATA #REQUIRED
end CDATA #REQUIRED>
start value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
end value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
9.6.6. CALDAV:limit-recurrence-set XML Element
Name: limit-recurrence-set
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a time range to limit the set of "overridden
components" returned by the server.
Description: The CALDAV:limit-recurrence-set XML element specifies
that for a given calendaring REPORT request, the server MUST
return, in addition to the "master component", only the
"overridden components" that impact a specified time range. An
overridden component impacts a time range if its current start and
end times overlap the time range, or if the original start and end
times -- the ones that would have been used if the instance were
not overridden -- overlap the time range.
The "start" attribute specifies the inclusive start of the time
range, and the "end" attribute specifies the non-inclusive end of
the time range. Both attributes are specified as date with UTC
time value. The value of the "end" attribute MUST be greater than
the value of the "start" attribute.
The server MUST use the same logic as defined for CALDAV:time-
range to determine if the current or original scheduled time of an
"overridden" recurrence instance intersects the specified time
range.
Overridden components that have a RANGE parameter on their
RECURRENCE-ID property may specify one or more instances in the
recurrence set, and some of those instances may fall within the
specified time range or may have originally fallen within the
specified time range prior to being overridden. If that is the
case, the overridden component MUST be included in the results, as
it has a direct impact on the interpretation of instances within
the specified time range.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT limit-recurrence-set EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST limit-recurrence-set start CDATA #REQUIRED
end CDATA #REQUIRED>
start value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
end value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
9.6.7. CALDAV:limit-freebusy-set XML Element
Name: limit-freebusy-set
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a time range to limit the set of FREEBUSY values
returned by the server.
Description: The CALDAV:limit-freebusy-set XML element specifies
that for a given calendaring REPORT request, the server MUST only
return the FREEBUSY property values of a VFREEBUSY component that
intersects a specified time range.
The "start" attribute specifies the inclusive start of the time
range, and the "end" attribute specifies the non-inclusive end of
the time range. Both attributes are specified as "date with UTC
time" value. The value of the "end" attribute MUST be greater
than the value of the "start" attribute.
The server MUST use the same logic as defined for CALDAV:time-
range to determine if a FREEBUSY property value intersects the
specified time range.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT limit-freebusy-set EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST limit-freebusy-set start CDATA #REQUIRED
end CDATA #REQUIRED>
start value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
end value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
9.7. CALDAV:filter XML Element
Name: filter
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a filter to limit the set of calendar components
returned by the server.
Description: The CALDAV:filter XML element specifies the search
filter used to limit the calendar components returned by a
calendaring REPORT request.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT filter (comp-filter)>
9.7.1. CALDAV:comp-filter XML Element
Name: comp-filter
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies search criteria on calendar components.
Description: The CALDAV:comp-filter XML element specifies a query
targeted at the calendar object (i.e., VCALENDAR) or at a specific
calendar component type (e.g., VEVENT). The scope of the
CALDAV:comp-filter XML element is the calendar object when used as
a child of the CALDAV:filter XML element. The scope of the
CALDAV:comp-filter XML element is the enclosing calendar component
when used as a child of another CALDAV:comp-filter XML element. A
CALDAV:comp-filter is said to match if:
* The CALDAV:comp-filter XML element is empty and the calendar
object or calendar component type specified by the "name"
attribute exists in the current scope;
or:
* The CALDAV:comp-filter XML element contains a CALDAV:is-not-
defined XML element and the calendar object or calendar
component type specified by the "name" attribute does not exist
in the current scope;
or:
* The CALDAV:comp-filter XML element contains a CALDAV:time-range
XML element and at least one recurrence instance in the
targeted calendar component is scheduled to overlap the
specified time range, and all specified CALDAV:prop-filter and
CALDAV:comp-filter child XML elements also match the targeted
calendar component;
or:
* The CALDAV:comp-filter XML element only contains CALDAV:prop-
filter and CALDAV:comp-filter child XML elements that all match
the targeted calendar component.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT comp-filter (is-not-defined | (time-range?,
prop-filter*, comp-filter*))>
<!ATTLIST comp-filter name CDATA #REQUIRED>
name value: a calendar object or calendar component
type (e.g., VEVENT)
9.7.2. CALDAV:prop-filter XML Element
Name: prop-filter
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies search criteria on calendar properties.
Description: The CALDAV:prop-filter XML element specifies a query
targeted at a specific calendar property (e.g., CATEGORIES) in the
scope of the enclosing calendar component. A calendar property is
said to match a CALDAV:prop-filter if:
* The CALDAV:prop-filter XML element is empty and a property of
the type specified by the "name" attribute exists in the
enclosing calendar component;
or:
* The CALDAV:prop-filter XML element contains a CALDAV:is-not-
defined XML element and no property of the type specified by
the "name" attribute exists in the enclosing calendar
component;
or:
* The CALDAV:prop-filter XML element contains a CALDAV:time-range
XML element and the property value overlaps the specified time
range, and all specified CALDAV:param-filter child XML elements
also match the targeted property;
or:
* The CALDAV:prop-filter XML element contains a CALDAV:text-match
XML element and the property value matches it, and all
specified CALDAV:param-filter child XML elements also match the
targeted property;
Definition:
<!ELEMENT prop-filter (is-not-defined |
((time-range | text-match)?,
param-filter*))>
<!ATTLIST prop-filter name CDATA #REQUIRED>
name value: a calendar property name (e.g., ATTENDEE)
9.7.3. CALDAV:param-filter XML Element
Name: param-filter
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Limits the search to specific parameter values.
Description: The CALDAV:param-filter XML element specifies a query
targeted at a specific calendar property parameter (e.g.,
PARTSTAT) in the scope of the calendar property on which it is
defined. A calendar property parameter is said to match a CALDAV:
param-filter if:
* The CALDAV:param-filter XML element is empty and a parameter of
the type specified by the "name" attribute exists on the
calendar property being examined;
or:
* The CALDAV:param-filter XML element contains a CALDAV:is-not-
defined XML element and no parameter of the type specified by
the "name" attribute exists on the calendar property being
examined;
Definition:
<!ELEMENT param-filter (is-not-defined | text-match?)>
<!ATTLIST param-filter name CDATA #REQUIRED>
name value: a property parameter name (e.g., PARTSTAT)
9.7.4. CALDAV:is-not-defined XML Element
Name: is-not-defined
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies that a match should occur if the enclosing
component, property, or parameter does not exist.
Description: The CALDAV:is-not-defined XML element specifies that a
match occurs if the enclosing component, property, or parameter
value specified in a calendaring REPORT request does not exist in
the calendar data being tested.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT is-not-defined EMPTY>
9.7.5. CALDAV:text-match XML Element
Name: text-match
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a substring match on a property or parameter
value.
Description: The CALDAV:text-match XML element specifies text used
for a substring match against the property or parameter value
specified in a calendaring REPORT request.
The "collation" attribute is used to select the collation that the
server MUST use for character string matching. In the absence of
this attribute, the server MUST use the "i;ascii-casemap"
collation.
The "negate-condition" attribute is used to indicate that this
test returns a match if the text matches when the attribute value
is set to "no", or return a match if the text does not match, if
the attribute value is set to "yes". For example, this can be
used to match components with a STATUS property not set to
CANCELLED.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT text-match (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: string
<!ATTLIST text-match collation CDATA "i;ascii-casemap"
negate-condition (yes | no) "no">
9.8. CALDAV:timezone XML Element
Name: timezone
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies the time zone component to use when determining
the results of a report.
Description: The CALDAV:timezone XML element specifies that for a
given calendaring REPORT request, the server MUST rely on the
specified VTIMEZONE component instead of the CALDAV:calendar-
timezone property of the calendar collection, in which the
calendar object resource is contained to resolve "date" values and
"date with local time" values (i.e., floating time) to "date with
UTC time" values. The server will require this information to
determine if a calendar component scheduled with "date" values or
"date with local time" values intersects a CALDAV:time-range
specified in a CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT.
Note: The iCalendar data embedded within the CALDAV:timezone XML
element MUST follow the standard XML character data encoding
rules, including use of <, >, & etc. entity encoding or
the use of a <![CDATA[ ... ]]> construct. In the later case, the
iCalendar data cannot contain the character sequence "]]>", which
is the end delimiter for the CDATA section.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT timezone (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: an iCalendar object with exactly one VTIMEZONE
9.9. CALDAV:time-range XML Element
Name: time-range
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: Specifies a time range to limit the set of calendar
components returned by the server.
Description: The CALDAV:time-range XML element specifies that for a
given calendaring REPORT request, the server MUST only return the
calendar object resources that, depending on the context, have a
component or property whose value intersects a specified time
range.
The "start" attribute specifies the inclusive start of the time
range, and the "end" attribute specifies the non-inclusive end of
the time range. Both attributes MUST be specified as "date with
UTC time" value. Time ranges open at one end can be specified by
including only one attribute; however, at least one attribute MUST
always be present in the CALDAV:time-range element. If either the
"start" or "end" attribute is not specified in the CALDAV:time-
range XML element, assume "-infinity" and "+infinity" as their
value, respectively. If both "start" and "end" are present, the
value of the "end" attribute MUST be greater than the value of the
"start" attribute.
Time range tests MUST consider every recurrence instance when
testing the time range condition; if any one instance matches,
then the test returns true. Testing recurrence instances requires
the server to infer an effective value for DTSTART, DTEND,
DURATION, and DUE properties for an instance based on the
recurrence patterns and any overrides.
A VEVENT component overlaps a given time range if the condition
for the corresponding component state specified in the table below
is satisfied. Note that, as specified in [RFC2445], the DTSTART
property is REQUIRED in the VEVENT component. The conditions
depend on the presence of the DTEND and DURATION properties in the
VEVENT component. Furthermore, the value of the DTEND property
MUST be later in time than the value of the DTSTART property. The
duration of a VEVENT component with no DTEND and DURATION
properties is 1 day (+P1D) when the DTSTART is a DATE value, and 0
seconds when the DTSTART is a DATE-TIME value.
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| VEVENT has the DTEND property? |
| +-----------------------------------------------------------+
| | VEVENT has the DURATION property? |
| | +-------------------------------------------------------+
| | | DURATION property value is greater than 0 seconds? |
| | | +---------------------------------------------------+
| | | | DTSTART property is a DATE-TIME value? |
| | | | +-----------------------------------------------+
| | | | | Condition to evaluate |
+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| Y | N | N | * | (start < DTEND AND end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | Y | Y | * | (start < DTSTART+DURATION AND end > DTSTART) |
| | +---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| | | N | * | (start <= DTSTART AND end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | N | Y | (start <= DTSTART AND end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | N | N | (start < DTSTART+P1D AND end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
A VTODO component is said to overlap a given time range if the
condition for the corresponding component state specified in the
table below is satisfied. The conditions depend on the presence
of the DTSTART, DURATION, DUE, COMPLETED, and CREATED properties
in the VTODO component. Note that, as specified in [RFC2445], the
DUE value MUST be a DATE-TIME value equal to or after the DTSTART
value if specified.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| VTODO has the DTSTART property? |
| +---------------------------------------------------------------+
| | VTODO has the DURATION property? |
| | +-----------------------------------------------------------+
| | | VTODO has the DUE property? |
| | | +-------------------------------------------------------+
| | | | VTODO has the COMPLETED property? |
| | | | +---------------------------------------------------+
| | | | | VTODO has the CREATED property? |
| | | | | +-----------------------------------------------+
| | | | | | Condition to evaluate |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| Y | Y | N | * | * | (start <= DTSTART+DURATION) AND |
| | | | | | ((end > DTSTART) OR |
| | | | | | (end >= DTSTART+DURATION)) |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| Y | N | Y | * | * | ((start < DUE) OR (start <= DTSTART)) |
| | | | | | AND |
| | | | | | ((end > DTSTART) OR (end >= DUE)) |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| Y | N | N | * | * | (start <= DTSTART) AND (end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | Y | * | * | (start < DUE) AND (end >= DUE) |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | N | Y | Y | ((start <= CREATED) OR (start <= COMPLETED))|
| | | | | | AND |
| | | | | | ((end >= CREATED) OR (end >= COMPLETED))|
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | N | Y | N | (start <= COMPLETED) AND (end >= COMPLETED) |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | N | N | Y | (end > CREATED) |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | N | N | N | TRUE |
+---+---+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
A VJOURNAL component overlaps a given time range if the condition
for the corresponding component state specified in the table below
is satisfied. The conditions depend on the presence of the
DTSTART property in the VJOURNAL component and on whether the
DTSTART is a DATE-TIME or DATE value. The effective "duration" of
a VJOURNAL component is 1 day (+P1D) when the DTSTART is a DATE
value, and 0 seconds when the DTSTART is a DATE-TIME value.
+----------------------------------------------------+
| VJOURNAL has the DTSTART property? |
| +------------------------------------------------+
| | DTSTART property is a DATE-TIME value? |
| | +--------------------------------------------+
| | | Condition to evaluate |
+---+---+--------------------------------------------+
| Y | Y | (start <= DTSTART) AND (end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+--------------------------------------------+
| Y | N | (start < DTSTART+P1D) AND (end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+--------------------------------------------+
| N | * | FALSE |
+---+---+--------------------------------------------+
A VFREEBUSY component overlaps a given time range if the condition
for the corresponding component state specified in the table below
is satisfied. The conditions depend on the presence in the
VFREEBUSY component of the DTSTART and DTEND properties, and any
FREEBUSY properties in the absence of DTSTART and DTEND. Any
DURATION property is ignored, as it has a special meaning when
used in a VFREEBUSY component.
When only FREEBUSY properties are used, each period in each
FREEBUSY property is compared against the time range, irrespective
of the type of free busy information (free, busy, busy-tentative,
busy-unavailable) represented by the property.
+------------------------------------------------------+
| VFREEBUSY has both the DTSTART and DTEND properties? |
| +--------------------------------------------------+
| | VFREEBUSY has the FREEBUSY property? |
| | +----------------------------------------------+
| | | Condition to evaluate |
+---+---+----------------------------------------------+
| Y | * | (start <= DTEND) AND (end > DTSTART) |
+---+---+----------------------------------------------+
| N | Y | (start < freebusy-period-end) AND |
| | | (end > freebusy-period-start) |
+---+---+----------------------------------------------+
| N | N | FALSE |
+---+---+----------------------------------------------+
A VALARM component is said to overlap a given time range if the
following condition holds:
(start <= trigger-time) AND (end > trigger-time)
A VALARM component can be defined such that it triggers repeatedly.
Such a VALARM component is said to overlap a given time range if at
least one of its triggers overlaps the time range.
The calendar properties COMPLETED, CREATED, DTEND, DTSTAMP,
DTSTART, DUE, and LAST-MODIFIED overlap a given time range if the
following condition holds:
(start <= date-time) AND (end > date-time)
Note that if DTEND is not present in a VEVENT, but DURATION is, then
the test should instead operate on the 'effective' DTEND, i.e.,
DTSTART+DURATION. Similarly, if DUE is not present in a VTODO, but
DTSTART and DURATION are, then the test should instead operate on the
'effective' DUE, i.e., DTSTART+DURATION.
The semantic of CALDAV:time-range is not defined for any other
calendar components and properties.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT time-range EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST time-range start CDATA #IMPLIED
end CDATA #IMPLIED>
start value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
end value: an iCalendar "date with UTC time"
9.10. CALDAV:calendar-multiget XML Element
Name: calendar-multiget
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: CalDAV report used to retrieve specific calendar object
resources.
Description: See Section 7.9.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT calendar-multiget ((DAV:allprop |
DAV:propname |
DAV:prop)?, DAV:href+)>
9.11. CALDAV:free-busy-query XML Element
Name: free-busy-query
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Purpose: CalDAV report used to generate a VFREEBUSY to determine
busy time over a specific time range.
Description: See Section 7.10.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT free-busy-query (time-range)>
10. Internationalization Considerations
CalDAV allows internationalized strings to be stored and retrieved
for the description of calendar collections (see Section 5.2.1).
The CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT (Section 7.8) includes a text
searching option controlled by the CALDAV:text-match element, and
details of character handling are covered in the description of that
element (see Section 9.7.5).
11. Security Considerations
HTTP protocol transactions are sent in the clear over the network
unless protection from snooping is negotiated. This can be
accomplished by use of TLS, as defined in [RFC2818]. In particular,
HTTP Basic authentication MUST NOT be used unless TLS is in effect.
Servers MUST take adequate precautions to ensure that malicious
clients cannot consume excessive server resources (CPU, memory, disk,
etc.) through carefully crafted reports. For example, a client could
upload an event with a recurrence rule that specifies a recurring
event occurring every second for the next 100 years, which would
result in approximately 3 x 10^9 instances! A report that asks for
recurrences to be expanded over that range would likely constitute a
denial-of-service attack on the server.
When creating new resources (including calendar collections), clients
MUST ensure that the resource name (the last path segment of the
resource URI) assigned to the new resource does not expose any data
from within the iCalendar resource itself or information about the
nature of a calendar collection. This is required to ensure that the
presence of a specific iCalendar component or nature of components in
a collection cannot be inferred based on the name of a resource.
When rolling up free-busy information, more information about a
user's events is exposed if busy periods overlap or are adjacent
(this tells the client requesting the free-busy information that the
calendar owner has at least two events, rather than knowing only that
the calendar owner has one or more events during the busy period).
Thus, a conservative approach to calendar data privacy would have
servers always coalesce such busy periods when they are the same
type.
Procedure alarms are a known security risk for either clients or
servers to handle, particularly when the alarm was created by another
agent. Clients and servers are not required to execute such
procedure alarms.
Security considerations described in iCalendar [RFC2445] and iTIP
[RFC2446] are also applicable to CalDAV.
Beyond these, CalDAV does not raise any security considerations that
are not present in HTTP [RFC2616] and WebDAV [RFC2518], [RFC3253],
[RFC3744].
12. IANA Considerations
This document uses one new URN to identify a new XML namespace. The
URN conforms to a registry mechanism described in [RFC3688].
12.1. Namespace Registration
Registration request for the CalDAV namespace:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav
Registrant Contact: See the "Authors' Addresses" section of this
document.
XML: None. Namespace URIs do not represent an XML specification.
13. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the following individuals for
contributing their ideas and support for writing this specification:
Michael Arick, Mario Bonin, Chris Bryant, Scott Carr, Andre
Courtemanche, Mike Douglass, Ted Hardie, Marten den Haring, Jeffrey
Harris, Sam Hartman, Helge Hess, Jeff McCullough, Alexey Melnikov,
Dan Mosedale, Brian Moseley, Francois Perrault, Kervin L. Pierre,
Julian F. Reschke, Wilfredo Sanchez Vega, Mike Shaver, Jari
Urpalainen, Simon Vaillancourt, and Jim Whitehead.
The authors would also like to thank the Calendaring and Scheduling
Consortium for advice with this specification, and for organizing
interoperability testing events to help refine it.
14. References
14.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to
Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14,
RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2246] Dierks, T. and C. Allen, "The TLS Protocol
Version 1.0", RFC 2246, January 1999.
[RFC2445] Dawson, F. and Stenerson, D., "Internet
Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object
Specification (iCalendar)", RFC 2445,
November 1998.
[RFC2446] Silverberg, S., Mansour, S., Dawson, F., and
R. Hopson, "iCalendar Transport-Independent
Interoperability Protocol (iTIP) Scheduling
Events, BusyTime, To-dos and Journal
Entries", RFC 2446, November 1998.
[RFC2518] Goland, Y., Whitehead, E., Faizi, A., Carter,
S., and D. Jensen, "HTTP Extensions for
Distributed Authoring -- WEBDAV", RFC 2518,
February 1999.
[RFC2616] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk,
H., Masinter, L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-
Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol --
HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.
[RFC2818] Rescorla, E., "HTTP Over TLS", RFC 2818,
May 2000.
[RFC3253] Clemm, G., Amsden, J., Ellison, T., Kaler,
C., and J. Whitehead, "Versioning Extensions
to WebDAV (Web Distributed Authoring and
Versioning)", RFC 3253, March 2002.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry",
BCP 81, RFC 3688, January 2004.
[RFC3744] Clemm, G., Reschke, J., Sedlar, E., and J.
Whitehead, "Web Distributed Authoring and
Versioning (WebDAV) Access Control Protocol",
RFC 3744, May 2004.
[RFC4346] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport
Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.1",
RFC 4346, April 2006.
[RFC4790] Newman, C., Duerst, M., and A. Gulbrandsen,
"Internet Application Protocol Collation
Registry", RFC 4790, March 2007.
[W3C.REC-xml-20060816] Paoli, J., Maler, E., Yergeau, F., Sperberg-
McQueen, C., and T. Bray, "Extensible Markup
Language (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition)", World
Wide Web Consortium Recommendation REC-xml-
20060816, August 2006,
<http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816>.
14.2. Informative References
[RFC2426] Dawson, F. and T. Howes, "vCard MIME
Directory Profile", RFC 2426, September 1998.
[RFC2739] Small, T., Hennessy, D., and F. Dawson,
"Calendar Attributes for vCard and LDAP",
RFC 2739, January 2000.
[RFC4331] Korver, B. and L. Dusseault, "Quota and Size
Properties for Distributed Authoring and
Versioning (DAV) Collections", RFC 4331,
February 2006.
[RFC4511] Sermersheim, J., "Lightweight Directory
Access Protocol (LDAP): The Protocol",
RFC 4511, June 2006.
[rfc2518bis] Dusseault, L., "HTTP Extensions for
Distributed Authoring - WebDAV", Work
in Progress, December 2006.
Appendix A. CalDAV Method Privilege Table (Normative)
The following table extends the WebDAV Method Privilege Table
specified in Appendix B of [RFC3744].
+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| METHOD | PRIVILEGES |
+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| MKCALENDAR | DAV:bind |
| REPORT | DAV:read or CALDAV:read-free-busy (on all referenced |
| | resources) |
+------------+------------------------------------------------------+
Appendix B. Calendar Collections Used in the Examples
This appendix shows the calendar object resources contained in the
calendar collection queried in the examples throughout this document.
The content of the calendar collection is being shown as if it were
returned by a CALDAV:calendar-query REPORT request designed to return
all the calendar data in the collection:
>> Request <<
REPORT /bernard/work/ HTTP/1.1
Host: cal.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<C:calendar-query xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:prop>
<D:getetag/>
<C:calendar-data/>
</D:prop>
<C:filter>
<C:comp-filter name="VCALENDAR"/>
</C:filter>
</C:calendar-query>
>> Response <<
HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status
Content-Type: application/xml; charset="utf-8"
Content-Length: xxxx
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:"
xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd1.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd1"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001102Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T100000
DURATION:PT1H
SUMMARY:Event #1
Description:Go Steelers!
UID:74855313FA803DA593CD579A@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd2.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd2"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060102T120000
DURATION:PT1H
RRULE:FREQ=DAILY;COUNT=5
SUMMARY:Event #2
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20060206T001121Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T140000
DURATION:PT1H
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T120000
SUMMARY:Event #2 bis
UID:00959BC664CA650E933C892C@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd3.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd3"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
LAST-MODIFIED:20040110T032845Z
TZID:US/Eastern
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000404T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001026T020000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED;ROLE=CHAIR:mailto:cyrus@example.com
ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=NEEDS-ACTION:mailto:lisa@example.com
DTSTAMP:20060206T001220Z
DTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20060104T100000
DURATION:PT1H
LAST-MODIFIED:20060206T001330Z
ORGANIZER:mailto:cyrus@example.com
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:TENTATIVE
SUMMARY:Event #3
UID:DC6C50A017428C5216A2F1CD@example.com
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd4.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd4"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
DTSTAMP:20060205T235335Z
DUE;VALUE=DATE:20060104
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
SUMMARY:Task #1
UID:DDDEEB7915FA61233B861457@example.com
BEGIN:VALARM
ACTION:AUDIO
TRIGGER;RELATED=START:-PT10M
END:VALARM
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd5.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd5"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
DTSTAMP:20060205T235300Z
DUE;VALUE=DATE:20060106
LAST-MODIFIED:20060205T235308Z
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION
SUMMARY:Task #2
UID:E10BA47467C5C69BB74E8720@example.com
BEGIN:VALARM
ACTION:AUDIO
TRIGGER;RELATED=START:-PT10M
END:VALARM
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd6.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd6"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
COMPLETED:20051223T122322Z
DTSTAMP:20060205T235400Z
DUE;VALUE=DATE:20051225
LAST-MODIFIED:20060205T235308Z
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:COMPLETED
SUMMARY:Task #3
UID:E10BA47467C5C69BB74E8722@example.com
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd7.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd7"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VTODO
DTSTAMP:20060205T235600Z
DUE;VALUE=DATE:20060101
LAST-MODIFIED:20060205T235308Z
SEQUENCE:1
STATUS:CANCELLED
SUMMARY:Task #4
UID:E10BA47467C5C69BB74E8725@example.com
END:VTODO
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
<D:response>
<D:href>http://cal.example.com/bernard/work/abcd8.ics</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<D:getetag>"fffff-abcd8"</D:getetag>
<C:calendar-data>BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Example Corp.//CalDAV Client//EN
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ORGANIZER;CN="Bernard Desruisseaux":mailto:bernard@example.com
UID:76ef34-54a3d2@example.com
DTSTAMP:20050530T123421Z
DTSTART:20060101T000000Z
DTEND:20060108T000000Z
FREEBUSY:20050531T230000Z/20050601T010000Z
FREEBUSY;FBTYPE=BUSY-TENTATIVE:20060102T100000Z/20060102T120000Z
FREEBUSY:20060103T100000Z/20060103T120000Z
FREEBUSY:20060104T100000Z/20060104T120000Z
FREEBUSY;FBTYPE=BUSY-UNAVAILABLE:20060105T100000Z/20060105T120000Z
FREEBUSY:20060106T100000Z/20060106T120000Z
END:VFREEBUSY
END:VCALENDAR
</C:calendar-data>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
Authors' Addresses
Cyrus Daboo
Apple Inc.
1 Infinite Loop
Cupertino, CA 95014
USA
EMail: cyrus@daboo.name
URI: http://www.apple.com/
Bernard Desruisseaux
Oracle Corporation
600 Blvd. de Maisonneuve West
Suite 1900
Montreal, QC H3A 3J2
CANADA
EMail: bernard.desruisseaux@oracle.com
URI: http://www.oracle.com/
Lisa Dusseault
CommerceNet
169 University Ave.
Palo Alto, CA 94301
USA
EMail: ldusseault@commerce.net
URI: http://commerce.net/
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